« COO OTN +R + 


ι 


ri 1 ff 


ta a Na ον lad ον a a a aa 


FIRST LESSONS 


ON ‘ 
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NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. 


PART FIRST. 


WM. JAS. HAMERSLEY has recently published a new suai ΡΝ 
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τα ΚΝ: 
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PREFACE. - 


ΤῊΕ subject of this tragedy is a struggle between abso- 
lute power and the spirit of freedom as displayed by an 
unsubdued will amid the severest sufferings. Prometheus 
is condemned by the ruler of the Gods to atone for having 
stolen fire from heaven, by being nailed and chained to a 
lonely rock. There can be but little action in such a plot 
where the chief character is passive; but the poet has 
thrown into it a very deep interest by the pérson of the 
sufferer and the grandeur of the scenery, while the few 
incidents of the play tend directly or by contrast to mani- 
fest the unconquerable will of Prometheus. His offence 
itself enlists our sympathies; it is, that he raised the 
human race from the lowest misery, against the will of a 


monarch who sought to destroy it.. He is a divinity, πω 


the chief of the allies through whose aid Jupiter tore the 
sceptre from his father’s hand; and by his prophetic spirit 
he looks through long ages of torture to’ the time when he 
is destined to be loosed. Thus, though powerless, he is not 
in despair; but alive as he is to the feeling of pain, and 
bewailing, as he does, his lot, he can yet make up his mind 
to come to no terms with his oppressor, and already triumphs 
in the prospect that Jupiter will be forced, for his own sake, 
to set him free. 

The play opens with the preparatives for the torture. 


2230798 


᾿ 


Ὕ . PREFACE. 


- 


Force and Might, two giant ministers of Jove, (see Hesiod’s 
Theogony, 385,) accompanied by Vulcan, appear upon the 
stage; Force is a mute spectator, and his office may be 
conceived to have been that of dragging the struggling God 
to the place. But Might oversees the fulfilment of the 
sentence; and while Vulcan drives the nails, and clasps the 
chains, he chides the tardiness of the work, and taunts Pro- 
metheus with the folly of his opposition to the Gods. After 
these executioners have withdrawn, the Chorus of sea- 
nymphs (probably fifteen in number), hearing the sound of 
driven steel, assemble and condole with their kinsman: they 
are the representatives of that honest but weak class, whose 
open sympathy with the oppressed is beneath the tyrant’s 
notice. Oceanus, their father, next appears, gives whole- 
some advice to Prometheus, and offers to intercede with Jove 
in his behalf. The offer is scorned, and indeed was made 
rather for form’s sake, than from any belief that it would be 
accepted. -Oceanus is one who feels a degree of kindness’ 
for the oppressed, but wishes mainly to keep himself out of 
danger, and to stand well with both parties. After his de- 
-parture, Prometheus, as one who has resolved to endure his 
evils, and who seeks to occupy his mind with other thoughts, 
tells the Chorus the blessings which he had conferred upon 
mankind by the gift of fire. ‘Thus he calls forth our inter- 
est, and shows the malignity of Jupiter. 

A new sufferer now appears. lo, the victim of lust and 
vengeance, driven through the wildest parts of the earth in 
an altered form, passes the spot where Prometheus is chain- 
ed. He predicts her future coufse, and relates her past 
wanderings. She leaves the place, goaded by the same 
maddening spectre of Argos which drove her thither. The 
dramatic connection of this part with the rest of the play is 
somewhat remote. It lies partly in the fact that Prometheus 
and Io are victims of the same oppression ; but chiefly in 
the decree of fate, that one of her descendants, Hercules, 


- 


PREFACE. v 


shall loose him from his bonds. But, viewed ia regard to 
internal unity, this part is quite one with the rest, and Io, by 
the entire contrast of her character in the same circumstan- 
ces, acts as a foil to Prometheus. ‘She isall passive endur- 
ance ; he, free resistance; she is despair, and he hope. 
Even their very woes are contrasted: he, the free one, is 
chained, and she, the passive one, is left free to wander at 
large. It must have been the perception of the effect of 
these contrasts that led the poet, perhaps unconsciously, to 
select the story of Io from the variety of incidents which he 
might have woven into the plot. 

Prometheus boasts, before Io and the Chorus, that he fore- 
sees a ruinous marriage, into which Jupiter will enter, una- 
ware of his danger. Mercury now appears, to demand 
what marriage he speaks of. He refuses to tell; and the 
play closes with a wilder display of vengeance than that 
with which it opened. The bolt is hurled from heaven ; the 
elements are thrown into disorder; the rocks are blasted 
around Prometheus; his body is thunder-riven; but, un- 
yielding still, he cries to the sky and to his mother Themis 
to behold the injustice which he is suffering. ‘“ The tri- 
umph of subjection,” says Schlegel, ‘ was never celebrat- 
ed in more glorious strains, and we have difficulty in con- 
ceiving how the poet could sustain himself on such an ele- 
vation.” 

It is worthy of remark, that A¢schylus in this play seems 
to scorn the poetical religion of Greece, and to show little 
reverence towards the chief. of the Gods. Elsewhere, and 
especially in the Choruses ofthe Suppliants, the character 
of Jupiter is set forth in terms worthy of the supreme ruler. 
But here he is the successful usurper, who forgets the friends 
that helped him ; is a foe to the race of man 3, acts accord- 
mg to his will rather than his reason; and is controlled by 
fate. It is not easy to say why so religious a poet ventured 
{o guide his hearer’s sympathies against Jupiter and in favor 


vi ἐν PREFACE. 


of Prometheus, or how he ventured to choose a plot in 
which human feelings could take no other channel. One 
might almost think that he conceived of Jupiter as passing 
through the changes of character which were to be seen 
in some GreeR tyrants ;—as reigning arbitrarily and by 
force at first, crushing his foes and strengthening his pow- 
er by whatever means; but afterwards, when his end 
was gained, becoming mild, just, and the father of Gods 
and men.* Or it may be that he stood aloof from the pop- 


* This paragraph of the preface was written for the second edition, 
in 1840, and the theory here propounded was probably suggested by 
what Dissen says in Welcker’s work, to which reference is made just 
below. Since that time, in the year 1844, Prof Schomann, of Greifs- 
wald, has published his poetical translation of the Prometheus Bound, 
and a Prometheus Loosed of his own, written with a view to illustrate 
a theory in regard to the Promethean trilogy. That theory in its 
outlines is, that we have no right to judge of the final impression of 
the tout ensemble from this play, which formed the middle act of the 
great drama, and in which Prometheus has the field almost entirely 
to himself; that the poet did not sympathize with Prometheus, but 
regarded him as a transgressor of divine law justly punished; and 
that, in the closing act, where he was freed from his chains by the clem- 
ency of Zeus, he owned his fault, submitted, and was heartily reconciled. 
As for the human sympathies which he enlists by his resistance, on be- 
half of mankind, to the plans of Zeus, he misrepresents the feelings of 
Zeus toward the human race, and his intervention is uncalled for. 
In short, he is partial in his statements, a σοφιστὴς in a worse sense 
than that in which Hermes applies to him the term, as well as πικρῶς 
ὑπέρπικρος (v. 944). The closing member of the trilogy must have 
purified the minds of the audience from the impressions which the 
Prometheus Loosed by itself is calculated to make. 

It would be idle, within the limits of a note, to discuss this theory, 
which, proceeding as it did from an admirable scholar, made quite a 
sensation, and yet failed to work conviction in many minds, and, I 
must confess, in my own. It defends the religious consistency of As- 
chylus at the expense of his dramatic skill; for what ought to be said 
of the art of a poet who, through one whole drama, gives no sign that 
he does not regard Zeus as acting tyrannically? No character in the 
piece takes side against Prometheus, except Hermes, the “runner” of 


» 


4. 


PREFACE. * vu 


ular religion, and thought it right to use its fables in his dra- 
mas with little scruple as to their tendency, while yet his 
own idea of God was a lofty one, and was inculcated wher- 


Zeus, and Kratos, who has no more of the moral person about him 
than a thunderbolt. The Chorus, indeed, pronounce that he has made 
a mistake in helping mankind (v. 260), and exhort him to greater mod- 
eration of language and feeling (vy. 928, 936, 1036) ; but then they show 
all along a tender compassion for him, and are willing to share his 
woes (vv. 1066-1070), as those of an injured person whose side they 
have espoused. Their father, Oceanus, urges Prometheus toa milder 
and more yielding course, not because he has sinned, but because a 
“rough monarch and an irresponsible bears sway.” As for Io, it is not 
easy to see why she is drawn into the stream of the action, unless to 
increase the tide of feeling against Zeus. And what is most worthy of 
notice, the words of Hephestus himself, own son of Zeus, are to his 
disadvantage : — 
ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ- 

Who does not see that the poet, speaking through the mouth of the 
Fire-god, —who, by the way, is not so very resentful against Prome- 
theus for stealing his attribute of fire, —- condemns Zeus as sweeping 
too clean with his new broom of power? 

Upon the whole, I am willing to believe that the last play of the tril- 
ogy, if extant, would modify the feelings which this drama leaves on 
the mind. I am willing also to admit, that the sympathy on behalf of 
Prometheus exacted by the present play is more a modern feeling, 
than one which would be awakened in the breasts of an Athenian au- 
dience. But if they did not go along with the sufferer in their sensi- 
bilities, surely they cannot have abstained from compassionating Io, 
whose wrongs at the hand of Zeus are not to be explained by any 
dénouement in the third part of the trilogy, and must have been in- 
consistent with the moral standard of the poet himself. Thus we see 
that he cannot have intended in this drama to exhibit Zeus as a per- 
fect sovereign, having all the right on his side, but rather as a sovereign 
who found it necessary to resort to severity in order to establish his 
power, while the question of the right and wrong of the plans of Zeus 
is entirely put out of sight. The two foes then came together at the 
last in a compromise. Prometheus, disclosing an important secret, 
was treated mildly, while he gave in his adherence to the new govern: 
ment. — 1849 


Vill » PREFACE. 


ever the occasion allowed of it. The character of Prome- 
theus, again, is better than old Hesiod represents it. Know- 
ing the cost to himself, he seeks to save man from ignorance 
and ruin. Prometheus has been compared to Milton’s Sa- 
tan, but differs essentially from him as a character of po- 
etry. They are both proud and unyielding; but Satan 
breathes despair and malignity ; Prometheus, hope and kind- 
ness to man. Satan is lofty beyond all other characters of 
poetry, but can draw forth none of that sympathy which 
moves freely for Prometheus. 

/Eschylus wrote three or four plays upon the story of 
Prometheus. One of these, called Prometheus Πυρκαεύς, 
was a satyric drama, and was acted with Phineus, Perse, 
and Glaucus Potnieus, when Meno was archon (Olymp. 67. 
4, B. C. 372), as we learn from the argument of Perse. 
If this was distinct from the Prometheus πυρφόρος, we have 
three tragedies, which may have been exhibited together, 
relating, according to the practice of /Mschylus, like Aga- | 
memnon, Choéphori, and the Furies, to the same story. 
This being admitted, — which a modern scholar of great 
learning and ingenuity, Professor Welcker, of Bonn, tries 
to show in his Aéschylische Trilogie, — the Mupddpos would 
of course occupy the first place. It must have represented 
the act of carrying off fire from the smithy of Vulcan on 
the volcanic mountain Mosychlus, in the island of Lemnos; 
and may have described the marriage of Prometheus and — 
Hesione. (See v. 555 of the present play.) In the second 
play we have the penalty of Prometheus: at the end he 
is coveréd with fragments of riven rocks, and hidden from 
sight. After a long time he emerges on Mount Caucasus, 
where the eagle preys on his liver. Here the scene of the 
Prometheus Loosed is laid, in which the Titans, now released 
from confinement, form the Chorus. Hercules shoots the 
eagle with an arrow, and frees Prometheus; while the latter 
relates to Hercules some of the adventures which he is to 


PREFACE. ix 


meet with. Thus we have in the three dramas, crime, pun- 
ishment, and reconciliation ; and whether exhibited together 
or not, they form a dramatic whole. Those who wish to 
-enter further into this matter are referred to Welcker’s book 
above mentioned, and to Hermann’s dissertation on the oth- 
er side, ‘* De βου! Prometheo Soluto,” in his Opuscula, 
Vol. IV.* 

The place where Prometheus is chained, in the present 
piece, is a rock in European Scythia (2), separated from 
Mount Caucasus on the west by the country of the Nomad 
Scythians, by that of the Chalybes, and by the course of 
the Hybristes, and lying on the sea-coast. (707 -- 719, 422, 
573.) The sea in the poet’s mina may have been the 
Hyperborean or Scythian. (See 712, note.) Herein he 
departed from the received fable, of which the scene was 
Caucasus, and chose a place where his Chorus of ocean- 
nymphs could more conveniently assemble. Welcker, how- 
ever, maintains, with the writers of the argument, that a 
point of Caucasus below the summit of the mountain was 
intended to be the scene of the drama :— indeed, he seems 
to think a difference fatal to the theory that the Bound and 
Loosed Prometheus were acted together. But, with Vélcker 
(Mythische Geographie, p. 200), we may say, that Prome- 
theus, after being buried among the rocks (1019), may 
have emerged on Caucasus. Most of the best scholars 
who have expressed their opinion on this point are against 
Welcker ; such as Porson, Jacobs, Hermann, Schémann, 
and the author of the excellent little treatise just cited. Ὁ 

The time when the Chained Prometheus was acted is 
uncertain. There is a prophecy at v. 367 of an eruption of 
Mount /Etna, which must allude to one.that took place ac- 


* It is understood that, in a program of the year 1846, Hermann 


gave up his old position with regard to the Promethean trilogy, and ace © 


ceded to Welcker’s yiews. — 1849. 


x PREFACE. 


cording to the Parian Chronicle in Olymp. 75. 2, or accord- 
ing to Thucydides (3, sub fin.) several years later. This 
was the second eruption after the settlement of the Greeks 
‘in Sicily, and indeed the first of which any thing besides the 
mere event is known. Again, vv. 347-372 contain, as | 
think, a clear imitation of Pindar’s first Pythian, which was 
composed Olymp. 77. 3; or, as Boeckh (on Pind. Pyth. 1) 
shows, 76. 3. AEschylus went to Sicily after 77. 4, and 
perhaps stayed there until his death, but still brought forward 
plays upon the Athenian stage. We seem to have, then, the 
time before which this part of the play cannot have been writ- 
ten ; but the passage may have been added on a reacting in 
Sicily, — a supposition which will account for its episodical 
character, and for its being given, in the ordinary text, to the 
wrong person. 


The first edition, with a text chiefly following that of W. 
Dindorf in his “* Poetee Scenici,” appeared in 1837; the sec- 
ond, with an unaltered text, but with many new notes, in 1841. 
I have now in this third edition corrected and added to the 
notes, and have made the following changes in the text: — in 
verse 49, ἐπαχθῆ for ἐπράχθη: 108, ἐνέζευγμαι for ὑπέζευγμαι, 
113, ὑπαίθριος for ὑπαιθρίοις ; 340, τὰ μέν for τὰ μὲν ; 345, εἵνεκα 
for οὕνεκα ; 478, és for cis ; 481, πρίν γ᾽ for πρὶν ; 497, ὀσφῦν 
for ὀσφὺν; 540, δερκομένα for δερκομένη ; 586, γεγυμνάκασιν 
for γεγυμνάκασ᾽ ; 606, μῆχαρ ἢ for μὴ χρή": 659, μάθῃ for 
μάθοι; 674, κεραστὶς for κεράστις ; 705, σύ τ᾽ for σὺ δ᾽ ; 829, 
γάπεδα for δάπεδα ; 866, ξύνευνον for σύνευνον. 


AIZXYAOT 
HPOMHOETSZ AZEXZMARTHA.. 


TA TO? 4APAMATOZ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΑ͂. 


KPATOZ KAI BIA. NMKEANOS. 
H®AIZTO=. ΤΩ H INAXOFP. 
IIPOMHOETS. ἘΡΜΗΣ. 


ΧΟΡΟΣ ΩΚΕΑΝΙΔΩΝ NIMGNN. 


ὙΠΟΘΈΣΕΙΣ. 


Προμηϑέως ἐν Σκχυϑίᾳ δεδεμένου διὰ τὸ αὐνζόφενα, τὸ πῦρ 
πυνϑάνεται Ἰὼ πλανωμένη ὅτι κατ΄ Αἴγυπτον γενομένη ἐκ τῆς 
ἐπαφήσεως τοῦ Διὸς τέξεται τὸν Ἔπαφον. “Eouis δὲ παράγεται 
ἀπειλῶν αὐτῷ κεραυνωϑήσεσϑαι, ἐὰν μὴ εἴπῃ τὰ μέλλοντα ἔσεσϑαι 
τῷ Διί. προίλεγε γὰρ ὃ Προμηϑεὺς ὡς ἐξωσθϑήσεται ὃ Ζεὺς τῆς 
ἀρχῆς ὑπό τινος οἰκείου υἱοῦ. τέλος δὲ βροντῆς γενομένης ἀφανὴς 
ὃ Προμηϑεὺς γίνεται. 


Κεῖται δὲ ἢ μυϑοποιία ἐν παρεχβάσει παρὰ Σοφοκλεῖ ἐν 
Κολχίσι, παρὰ δὲ Εὐριπίδη ὅλως οὐ κεῖται. ἢ μὲν σχηνὴ τοῦ 
δράματος ὑπόκειταν ἐν Σχυϑίᾳ ἐπὶ τὸ Καυκάσιον ὄρος" ὃ δὲ 
χορὸς συνέστηκεν ἐξ ἰηκεανίδων νυμφῶν. τὸ δὲ κεφάλαιον αὐτοῦ 
ἐστι Προμηϑέως δέσις. Ὁ 


ᾧ 

2 3 

Ἱστέον δὲ ὅτι οὗ κατὰ τὸν κοινὸν λόγον ἐν Καυκάσῳ φησὶ 
_~ 3 ᾿ - 

δεδέσϑαι τὸν Προμηϑέα, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τοῖς Εὐρωπαίοις μέρεσι τοῦ 

> - ε 2 ~ 

(Ὠκεανοῦ, ὡς ἀπὸ τῶν πρὸς THY “Id λεγομένων ἕξεστι συμβαλεῖν. 


AAARZ. 


Προμηϑέως ἐκ Διὸς κεκλοφότος τὸ πῦρ καὶ δεδωκότος ἄνϑρω-» 
ποις, δι᾽ οὗ τέχνας πάσας ἄνϑρωποι εὕροντο, ὀργισϑεὶς ὃ Zidy ee 


; 


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παραδίδωσιν αὐτὸν Κράτεν καὶ Big, τοῖς αὐτοῦ ὑπηρέταις, καὶ 


ε , ε an” 2 f 7 t ΄ » ΝΥ 
Hpaiotm, ὡς ἂν ἀγαγόντες πρὸς τὸ Κουκαάσιον ogos δεσμοῖς 


σιδηροῖς αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ προσηλώσαιεν. οὗ γενομένου παραγίνονται 
πᾶσαν ob ᾿Ὡκεαναῖαι νύμφαι πρὸς παραμυϑίαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ αὐτὸς 
ὃ ᾿Ωκεανὸς, ὃς δὴ καὶ λέγει τῷ Προμηϑεῖ, ἵνα ἀπελϑὼν πρὸς τὸν 
Δία δεήσεσι καὶ λιταῖς πείσῃ αὐτὸν ἐκλῦσαι τοῦ δεσμοῦ Προμηϑέα- 
καὶ Προμηϑεὺς οὐκ ἐᾷ, τὸ τοῦ Διὸς εἰδὼς ἄκαμπτον καὶ ϑρασύ. 
καὶ ἀναχωφήσαντος τοῦ “Ὠκεανοῦ παραγίνεται Ie) πλανωμένη, ἢ 
τοῦ ᾿Ινάχου, καὶ ge μανθάνει παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἅ τὸ πέπονϑε καὶ ἃ 
πείσεται, καὶ ὅτι τὶς τῶν αὐτῆς ἀπογόνων λύσει αὐτὸν, ὃς ἦν ὃ 
Διὸς Ἡρακλῆς, καὶ ὅτι ἐκ τῆς ἐπαφήσεως. τοῦ hos τέξει τὸν 
Ἔπαφον. ϑρῳσυστομοῦντι δὲ ἐἐλισινας nate Διὸς, ὡς ἐκπεσεῖτσι 
τῆς ἀρχῆς Vp οὗ τέξεται παιδὸς, καὶ ἄλλα βλάσφημα. λέγοντι, 
παραγίνεται Ἑρμῆς, Διὸς πέμψαντος, ἀπειλῶν αὐτῷ κεραυνὸν, εἰ 
μὴ τὰ μέλλοντα συμβήσεσθαι τῷ At εἴπῃ". καὶ μὴ βουλόμενον 
βροντὴ καταῤῥαγεῖσα αὐτὸν ἀφανίζει. 


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Ἧ μὲν σκηνὴ τοῦ δράματος ὑπόκειται ἐν Σκυϑίᾳ ἐπὶ τὸ Καυκά.- 
σιον ὄρος, 4 δὲ ἐπιγραφὴ τούτου ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΙ͂Σ ΔΕΣΜΏΤΗΣ. 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AZEZMATH.. 


KPATOZ. 2 
X@ovoes μὲν eis τηλουρρ. ἤγομεν, πέδον, 
Σκύθην ἐς οἶμον, tent εἰς ἐρημίαν. 
Haters, σοὶ δὲ χρὴ μέλειν ἐπιστολὰς 
_ ἄρ Gor πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο, τόνδε πρὸς πέτραις Ng 
wv ὁψηλοκρήμνοις τὸν λεωργὸν ὀχμάσαι δ 
ἀδαμαντίνων δεσμῶν ἐν ἀῤῥήκτοις πέδαις. 
μι σὸν γὰρ ἄνθος, παντέχνου πυρὸς σέλας, 7 
a κλέψας ὥπασεν " τοιάσδέ TOL 


υὔβαρει δεῖ ϑεοῖς δοῦναι δίκην, 
ὡς ἂν ὃ eae τὴν Atos τυῤανγήδο α 10 
στέργειν, φιλανθρώπου δὲ Bisset 
ὌΠ ἩΦΑΙ͂ΣΤΟ 


Κράτος Βία τε, σφῷν μ ἐνχἐῤεολὴ Διὸς Ὁ 
ἔχει τέλος δη), κοὐδὲ ἐμποδὼν ἔ ott: τ ὧν 

ἐγὼ δ’ “ἄτο ps sti Biya ϑεὸν͵ Br od 

δῆσαι βίᾳ φάραγγι πρὸς δυσχει fog. 15 
πάντως, δ᾽ ἀνάγκη τῶνδέ μοι τόλμαν σχεθεῖν " 


πο ΩΣ" λόγο βαρύ, 
ὕλον bas δ ἐὸν 7 ῖ, 


ὙΠΈΡ ΨΟΥΝ eS ἘΦ, 


τῆς ο LTO 
»” ew [4 

ἄκοντα σ᾽ ἄκων δυσλύτοις γαλχεύμασι 
προσπασσαλεύσω τῷδ᾽ ἀπανθρώπῳ πάχῳ, “Do. ς΄ 
iy’ οὔτε φωνὴν οὔτε tov μορφὴν βροτῶν 

Aw Kae κ 


6 core 


Ans 


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bok στάθευτ ς δὴ ἡλίου φο ίδῃ Ὅλων ny b@ 
χρφιαρ or shine So) PGES qpayo δέ oo 

OLE ELULOV a. ὀλρύψεϊ φάος neg 7 


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πάχνην ϑ᾽ ἑῴαν ἥλιος σχέδαᾳ, πάλιν, ὙΠ} 


“mM ¥ 


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ἀεὶ δὲ τοῦ eee? ὄντος ἀχθηδῶν xaxo x χοῦ ΑἈ οὐ μα {Π 
aa ᾧ 7 
τρύσει σ᾽" ὃ λωφήσων yag οὐ ΣΝ πῶ ὑο 00 ᾳ 


τοιαῦτ᾽ ἀπηὕΐρω τοῦ φιλανθρώπου τρόπου. 

Ὑ ϑεὸς ϑεῶν γὰρ οὐχ ὑποπτήσσων aor 
βροτοῖσι ty oh ὦπασας πέρα δίκης. " : 30 
ἀνθ᾽ ὧν regi τήνδε φῤουρήσεις nian 
ὀρθοστάδην, ἄυμνος, ῳ κάμπτων γόνυ ", ᾿ 


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πολλοὺς ὃ ὀδυρμοὺς καὶ γ γόους ἄγωφελέτς Ὁ ay es 
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ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς, ὅστις ἂν νέον “earn 35 

! ς yr ad 
ll delemns BRAT 9% Lei 
εἶεν, τί μέλλεις, καὶ ck apr μάτην § 
τί τὸν ϑεοῖς ἐὐδτεν οὐ δ υγεῖς εν, 4 hire 
ὅστις τὸ σὸν ὄχτους, xpovten ν γέρας; 

ἀν H ΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ. 


τὸ ξυγγενές, M δεινὸν ἥ 9” ὁμιλία. 


γ.. Ὅλ a fecoat 
‘une’ ; ἀνηκχουστεῖν δὲ τῶν ν πατρὸς λόγων. 40 
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asi i γε δὴ νηλὴς σὺ καὶ ϑράσους πλέως. 
Ἵ Η͂ vot ΚΡΑΤΟΣ:, 
ἄχος γὰρ οὐδὲν τόνδε ϑρηνεῖσθαι" συ δὲ 
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2 ep [payee 
Opn Qrrh y ᾿ ἢ 


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HPOMHOETZ AZEZMATH.. 7 


1 hee ALIA IRF 


ὦ πολλὰ foo χειρωναξία. 45 


a JE PAT OZ: yy cir, 
τί νιν τυγεῖο; ; πόνων γὰρ, ὡς ἁπλῷ λόγῳ, 
τῶν νῦν παρόντων οὐδὲν αἰτίᾳ τέχνην ἢ 

ey ty A 
ΗἩΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ ΣΕ, 5 ἘᾺΝ 
A ἯΙ te Af 
ἔμπας tis αὐτὴν ἄλλος ὠφελεν λαχεῖν. 
“οὐκ. KPATOZ. 7 


he! ji ͵ 


11 ALAA a tlh 
ἅπαντ᾽ ἐπαχθῆ πλὴν ϑεοῖσι κοιρανεῖν. 


ἐλ εὐθερος γοὶρ οὔτις ἐστὶ πλὴν Διός. δ0 
ἩΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ. 
ἐγναναῖ, τοῖσδε κοὐδὲν ἀντειπεῖν ἔχω. 
ΚΡΆΤΟΣ: 
οὔκουν ἐπείξει δεσμὰ τῷδε περιθαλεῖν, 
ὡς μή σ᾽ ἐλινύοντα προσδερχθῇ πατήρ; 
vg eh? A> TO. | 
καὶ δὴ πρόχεώα woh δέρκεσθαι πάρα. 
LL ΚΡΑ͂ΤΟΣ. | , hz 


ee) 


λαθών νιν, ἀμφ χερσὶν ἐγκρατεῖ σθένει 55 


δαιστῆρι ϑεῖνε, Ce πρὸς πέτραις. + 
thei, erty mAD HPAIZS TOS. + τὸς 


περαίνεται δὴ κοὺ ματᾷ τοὔργον cvs is sg 
K, KPA ΤΟΣ, ᾿ Pe, 
ἄρασσε μᾶλλον, σφῖγγε, μῆδαμὴ χάλα. Ὁ το 
δεινὸς γὰρ εὑρεῖν κἀξ Sin ΡΟΣ : 
». fee Ab? 50 Σ Νὴ 
ἄραρεν ἥδε γ᾽ ᾽ ὠλένη acenl ies. 6 
κρατοσ. Τ 
καὶ τήνδε νῦν πόρπασον ἀσφαλ ς, ἵνα 
οὐχ τ d toe 


ν 


ἧς 


δ: ~ AIZXLYAOL 


Carnet 
μαϑῃ σοφιστὴς av Atos νωθέστερος. 
ΝΣ ἩΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ. 
πλὴν τοῦδ᾽ ἂν οὐδεὶς ἐνδίκως μέμψαιτό μοι. 
ΚΡΑ͂ΤΟΣ. Ἔ . 
ἀδαμαντίνου νῦν σφηνὸς αὐθάδη γνάθον 
στέρνων διαμπὰξ πασσάλευ᾽ ἐῤῥωμένως. 65 
H®AIZTO. 
αἰαῖ, Προμηθεῦ, σῶν ὕπερ στένω πόνων. 
ΚΡΑΤΟΣ: 
ov δ᾽ αὖ xatoxveis, τῶν Aids τ᾽ ἐχθρῶν ὕπερ 
στένεις ; ὅπως μὴ σαυτὸν οἰχτιεῖς ποτέ. 


52 H@®AIZTO. 

ὁρᾷς 16 μὰ δυσθέατον ὄμμασιν. 
ΚΡΑΤΟΣ. 

ὁρῶ κυροῦντα τόνδε τῶν ἐπαξίων. 7 70 

ἐλ" ἀμφὶ πλευραῖς μασχαλιστῆρας βάλε. 

(pee) H@®AIZ TO. 

δρᾶν ταῦτ᾽ ἀνάγκη, μηδὲν ἐγκέλευ᾽ ἄγαν. 

ΚΡΑ͂ΤΟΣ. 


ἦ μὴν κελεύσω, κἀπιϑωὔξω γε πρός. 
χώρει κάτω, σχέλη δὲ κίρκωσον ΡῈ 
ἩΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ ! 
καὶ δὴ πέπρακται τοὔργον οὐ μακρῷ πόνῳ. 5 
BP ae K PATO 3," 


ν 


εὐ ὡμένως νῦν ϑεῖνε διατόρους πέδας " 
ς οὑπιτιμητής γε τῶν ἔργων βαρύς. 
ὡς οὑπιτιμητής γ ργῶν βαρ 
ἩΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ. 
fol ~ ~ 7, , 
ὁμοια LO λῶώσσά Cov γηρύεται" 
t μορφῇ γ ἐρεὶ 719 , 


«> 


HPOMHOETS AEZMIATH.2. 


y)? Sliies 7 Se KPATOS 


a 


σὺ μαλθακίζου, τὴν δ᾽ ἐμὴν αὐναλίαν, 
ὀργῆς τε τραχύτητα μὴ ᾿πίπλησσέ μοι. 


"ΝᾺ (ἬΦΑΙΣΤΟΣ. 
στείχωμεν, ὡς κώλοισιν ἀμφίδληστρ᾽ ἔχει. 
ΚΡΑΤΟΣ. 


ἐνταῦθα νῦν ὕόδριζε, καὶ ϑεῶν γέρα, 
συλῶν, ἐφημέρθισι προστίθει. aa oo ae 
οἷοί τε ϑνητοὶ τῶνδ᾽ ᾿ἀπάντλῆσαι πόνων ; αἷς 
ψευδωνύμως σε δαίμονες Προμηθέα 
καλοῦσιν" αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ προμηθέως,,, 
ὅτῳ τρόπῳ τῆσδ᾽ ἐκκυλισθήσει τέχνης. ¥ 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ὦ δῖος αἰθὴρ καὶ ταχύπτεροι πνοαὶ, 
ποταμῶν τε πηγαὶ, ποντίων τε κυμάτων 
ἀνήριθμογ, γέλασμα, παμμῆτόρ τε γῆ, 
καὶ τὸν πανόπτην κύκλον ἡδίου καλῶ" 
ἴδεσθέ μ᾽ οἷα πρὸς ϑεῶν πάσχω Feds, 
δέρχθηθ᾽, οἵαις αἰκίαισιν 
διακναιόμενος τὸν μυριετῇ͵, ta 
χρόνον ἀθλεύσω. “7 mt Sa 
τοιόνδ᾽ ὃ νέος ae 
ἐξεῦρ᾽ ἐπ᾿ ἐμοὶ δεσμὸν ν 
φεῦ φεῦ, τὸ παρὸν τότ ᾿, ἐπερχόμενον 
πῆμα, “στενάχω, πῇ ποτε μόχθων, . 
χρὴ τέρμᾶτα τῶνδ᾽ ἐπιτεῖλαι: κι yn γί) 4 ἐδρυῸ 


La 


= aa 


* 


 attot τί φημί; πάντα προὐξεπίσταμαι 


ar 


oe τὼ μέλλοντ᾽, οὐδέ μοι ποταίνιον 


πῆμ᾽ οὐδὲν. ἥξει. τὴν πεπρωμένην δὲ χρὴ 
αἶσαν φέρειν ὡς ῥᾷστα, γιγνώσκονθ᾽, ὅτι 


100 


10 AIZXYTAOTY 


‘ ed , 
τὸ τῆς ἀνάγκης ἔστ᾽ ἀδήριτον σθένος. 
ἀλλ᾽ οὔτε σιγᾶν οὔτε μὴ σιγᾶν τύχας 
οἷόν τέ μοι τάσδ᾽ ἐστί. is YO ρ γέρα 


᾿ ae 4 ~_99 2 7 
πορῶν, ἀνάγκαις ταῖσδ᾽ ἐνεζευγμαι τάλας" 


ναρθηκοπλήρωτον δὲ ϑηρῶμαι πυρὸς 
πηγὴν κλοπαίαν, ἣ διδάσκαλος τέχνης 
πάσης βροτοῖς πέφηνε καὶ μέγας πόρος. 
τοιάσδε ποινὰς ἀμπλακημάτων τίνω, 
ὑπαίθριος δεσμοῖσι πασσαλευτὸς ὦν. 

ἃ ἃ, ἔα ἔα. Coo TE Tome~ 

tis ἀχὼ, tis Oud προσέπτα μ᾽ ἀφεγγὴς, 
ϑεόσυτος, ἢ βρότειος, ἢ κεχραμένη ; 
ἵχετο τερμόνιον ἐπὶ πάγον 

πόνων ἐμῶν ϑεωρὸς, ἢ τί δὴ ϑέλων ; 
ὁρᾶτε ΣΕ μὲ δύσποτμον ϑεὸν, 
τὸν Atos ἐχθρὸν, τὸν πᾶσι ϑεοῖς 

δι᾽ ἀπεχθείας ἐλθόνθ᾽, ὁπόσοι 

τὴν Διὸς αὐλὴν εἰσοιχνεῦσιν, 

did τὴν λίαν φιλότητα βροτῶν. 

φεῦ φεῦ, τί ποτ᾽ αὖ κινάθισμα κλύω 
πέλας οἰωνῶν ; αἰθὴρ δ᾽ ἐλαφραῖς 
πτερύγων ῥδιπαῖς ὑποσυρίζει. 

πᾶν μοι φοδερὸν τὸ προσέρπον. 

a ΧΟΡΟΣ. 


Sin 


110 


115 


125 


μηδὲν φοθηθῇς" φιλία γὰρ ἥδε τάξις, πτερύγων 
ϑοαῖς ἁμίλλαις, προσέθα τόνδε πάγον, πατρῴας 


μόγις παρειποῦσα φρένας. 
κραιπνοφόροι δέ μ᾽ ἔπεμψαν αὖραι " 
128 — 135, = 144— 151. 


130 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΈΕΥΣ AZEZMATH.Z.I1 


κτύπου γὰρ aya ἡ χάλυδος 


ων 


διῇξεν ἄντρων μυχὸν, ἐκ δ᾽ ἔπληξέ μου tim, ὃ Fs ε- μ᾽ 


ρῶπιν αἰδῶ- jin 

avOnv δ᾽ ἀπέδιλος ὄχῳ πτερωτῷ. Ἐ- 135 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 
“lai, αἰαῖ, 
τῆς πολυτέχνου Τηθύος ἔχγονα, 
τοῦ περὶ πᾶσάν ϑ'᾽ ραν το 
χθόν᾽ ἀκοιμήτῳ ῥεύματι Τρ δες PS 
πατρὸς ᾿Ι)κεανοῦ " δέρχϑητ᾽ ; ᾿ξοίδεσθ᾽, 140 
φΐῳ δεσμῷ προσπορπατὸς 
τῆσδε φάραγγος σχοπέλοις ἐν ἄχροις 
φρουρὰν ἄζηλον ὀχήσω. 

ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
pie es: Προμηθεῦ " 'φοδερὰ δ᾽ ἐμοῖσιν ὄσσοις 
4 ὁμίχλα 
προσῇξε πλήρης δαχρύων, σὸν δέμας εἰσιδούσᾳ 145 
πέτραις προσαναινόμενον 
“ταῖς ἀδαμαντοδέτοισι λύμαις ver vere 
νέοι γ᾽ οἰακονόμοι Doty ὦ} Lag eS 
χρατουσ᾽ “Odvumov: νεοχμοῖς δὲ dy νόμοις Ζεὺς 
ἀθέτως κρατύνει 150 

wa πρὶν δὲ πελώρια νῦν ἀϊστοῖ. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ. 
εἰ γάρ μ᾽ ὑπὸ γὴν νέρθεν τ᾽ ᾿Δἴδου 
τοῦ γεχροδέγμονος εἰς ἀπέραντον. i ΜΝ") 
Τάρταρον ἧκεν, Ay. Fey a 
δεσμοῖς ἀλύτοις ἀγρίως πελάσας, : 155 
ὡς μήτε ϑεὸς μήτε τις ἄλλος 


BP 


Δ} ᾿Ιϑέλξε € 


12  AIZXYTAOT 
am VIREO: 


τοῖσδ᾽ ἐπεγήθει. 

νυν δ᾽ αἰθέριον κίνυγμ᾽ ὃ τάλας 

ἐχθροῖς ἐπίχαρτα πέπονθα. 7 1 Ὗ {)).. Maré [4 724. 

ΧΟΡΟΣ. M8 Sf of ? 

tis ὧδε  τλησικάρδιος 

ϑεῶν, 6 , ὅτῳ τι τάδ᾽ κέ αρῆ; ; : + 160 
tis ov γάσχα ᾷ κακοῖς 

τεοῖσι, δίχα γε Διός; ὃ δ᾽ ἐπικότως oi 4 we glo. 
τιθέμενος ἄγναμπτον γόον, ὃ ἊΝ 
δάμναται οὐρανίαν .Ὑ 

γένναν " οὐδὲ λήξει, πρὶν ἂν ἢ κορέσῃ κέαρ, ἢ 
""- wont παλάμᾳ τινὲ 165 
τί ταν δυσάλωτον ἕλῃ τις ἀρχάν. 


Ν € ἀν Va 


a 
Yeh. HPOMHOET.. 


“ἦ μὴν ἔτ᾽ ἐμοῦ, καίπερ xoategais 
ν᾽ ἐν γνιοπέδαις αἰκιξομένου, 
᾿ χρείαν ἕξει μακάρων gtgeceis 
ἢ δεῖξαι τὸ νέον τς vp’ ὅτου 170 
ὁκήμερον τιμάς τ᾽ ἀποσυλᾶται. “ 
nat μ᾽ οὔτι μελιγλώσσοις πειθοῦς 
π᾿ ἐπαοιδαῖσιν 
ἐν στερεάς ἢ τ᾽ οὔποτ᾽ ἀπειλὰς 
᾿Υ πεήξας τόδ᾽ ἐγὼ καταμηνύσω, ἰὴ 175 
πρὶν av ἐξ ἀγρίων δεσμῶν χαλάσῃ, 
ποιναίς τε τίς & 
too” aixias ἐθελήσῃ. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ov μὲν ϑρασύς τε καὶ πικραῖς 
_ δύαισιν οὐδὲν ἐπιχαλᾷς, 
. 159 - - 166. = 178 — 185. 


IPOMHOEYTS ΖΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ. 18 


ἄγαν δ᾽ ἐλευθεροστομεῖς. ᾿ 180 
«ἐμες δὲ φρένας ἐρέθεσε διάτορος φόθος 
δ Wie yao ἀμφὶ σαῖς τύχαις, “ 
Ὧν na ποτε τῶνδε πόνων 
Ἂ χρή σε τέρμα κέλσαντ᾽ ἐσιδεῖν. ἀκίχητα γὰρ ἤθεα 
Ἀὰὰ καὶ κέαρ 
ἀκαρώμυδον & ἔχει Κρόνου παῖς. -. 185 
HWPOMHOETS. 
οἶδ᾽ ὅτι τραχὺς καὶ παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ 
τὸ δίκαιον ἔχων Ζεύς " et iO 
μᾶλακογνώμὼων 
ἔσται ποθ᾽, ὅταν ΓΝ 7 
τὴν δ᾽ ἀτέραμνον στορέἕσας ὀργὴν, 190 
εἰς ἀρθμὸν ἐμοὶ καὶ φιλότητα 
σπεύδων σπεύδοντί ποθ᾽ ἥξει. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ 
πάντ᾽ ἐχκάλυψον καὶ taps eee λόγον, 
ποίῳ λαθών σε Ζεὺς ἐπ᾿ αἰτιάματι, 
οὕτως ἀτίμως καὶ πιχρῶς αἰκίζεται " 195 
δίδαξον ἡμᾶς, εἴ τι μὴ βλάπτει λόγῳ. 
- ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. | 
ἀλγεινὰ μέν μοι καὶ λέγειν ἐστὶν τάδε, 
ἄλγος δὲ Bus mavrayn δὲ δύσχοιμα. 
ἐπεὶ ον ἤρξαντο δαίμονες χόλου, » 
στάσις τ᾽ ἐν ἀλλήλοισιν᾽ ὠροθύνετο, ---- 200 
of μὲν ϑέλοντες ἐκθαλεῖν ἕδρης Κρόνον, 
ὡς Ζεὺς ἀνάσσῃ δῆθεν, οἱ δὲ τοὔμπαλιν 
σπεύδοντες, ὡς Zevs μήποτ᾽ ἄρξειεν ϑεῶν, ---- 
ἐνταῦθ᾽ ἐγὼ τὰ λῷστα βουλεύων, πιθεῖν 


2 3 | — 


14 AIZXVTAOY 


Τιτᾶνας, Οὐρανοῦ τε καὶ Χθονὸς τέκνα, 
οὐκ ἠδυνήθην " αἱμύλας δὲ μηχανὰς 


Wap MYT Ὁ sis tos Se φρονήμασιν, 


ῴοντ᾽ ἀμοχθὶ πρὸς βίαν τε δεσπόσειν " 
ἐμοὶ δὲ μήτηρ οὐχ ἅπαξ μόνὸν Θέμις, 
nat ΤΠ αῖα πολλῶν isk a, 
τὸ μέλλον a κραίνοιτοιπ eas 
ὡς οὐ κατ᾽ ἰσχὺν οὐδὲ πρὸς τὸ καρτερὸν 
θείη, δόλῳ δὲ τοὺς ὑπερέχοντας κρατεῖν. 
τοιαῦτ᾽, ἐμοῦ λόγοισιν ἐξηγουμένου, 
οὐκ ioc οὐδὲ προσύλέψαι τὸ πᾶν. 
κράτιστα δή μοι τῶν παρεστώτων τότε 
ἐφαίνετ᾽ εἶναι προσλαδόντα μητέρα 
ἑχόνθ᾽ ἑκόντι Ζηνὶ συμπαραστατεῖν. - 
ἐμαῖς δὲ βουλαῖς Ταρτάρου μελαμδαθὴς 
κευθμῶν καλύπτει τὸν παλαιγενῇ Κρόνον 
αὑτοῖσι συμμάχοισι. τοιάδ᾽ ἐξ ἐμοῦ 
ὃ τῶν ϑεῶν τύραννος aa, νος, . Ri) 
κακαῖσι mowais ταῖσδέ μ ᾽ ἐξ τυ λαδᾷ 
ἔνεστι γάρ πῶς τοῦτο τῇ τυραννίδι 
νόσημα, τοῖς φίλοισι μὴ πεποιθέναι. 
ie ἐφωτᾶτ᾽, αἰτίαν καθ᾽ ἥντινα 
atkiletat με, τοῦτο δὴ aapyvio. 
ὅπως τάχιστα, τὸν πατρῷον ἐς ϑρόνον 
Ὑ χαθέζετ᾽ . εὐθὺς δαίμοσιν γέμει γέρα 
ἄλλοισιν ἄλλα, καὶ διεστοιχίζετο 
ἀρχήν βροτῶν δὲ τών ταλαιπώρων λόγον 
οὐχ ἔσχεν οὐδέν᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἀϊστώσας γένος 
τὸ πᾶν ἔχρῃζεν ἄλλο φιτῦσαι νέον. 


τς καὶ τοῖσιν οὐδεὶς ἀντέθαινε πλὴν ἐμοῦ. 


210 


215 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕῪΣ “ΦΈΜΩ ΤΗΣ. 15 
ἐγὼ ὃ ᾿ eas : ἐξελυσάμην βροτ a 
τοῦ μὴ διάῤῥαίδδέντας εἰς vate ff ie 
τῷ τοι τοιαῖσδε πημοναῖσι x Δ αζομκεν, bbe 6 Ἂν 
[os rey (a πάσχειν μὲν ἀλγειναῖσιν, i ae ee ὃ Pe 
DS ro iy 


on ct 
αν 
Se feo” ᾿ϑνητοὺς δ᾽ ἐν οὔἴξτῳ roobéueve ενὸς, TOUT 


ΚΠ } οὐκ ἠδιῤῥυψιφυτὸς. ἀλλὰ ae oS Te ry by ), 
᾿ μαι, Ζηνὶ δυσκλεὴς ϑέα.. 
ῥυϑνῷ ἃ ΧΟΡΟΣ. ἐν ὦ 
σιδηρόφρον τε κἀκ πέτρας εἰργασμένος, 
ὅστις, Προμηθεῦ, σοῖσιν οὐ ξυνασχαλᾷ 
μόχθοις - ἐγὼ γοὰρ οὔτ᾽ ἂν εἰσιδεῖν τάδε 
ἢ: gigihniors εἰσιδοῦσά τ᾿ ἠλγύνθην κέαρ. 245 
AES OMHOETS. 
καὶ μὴν φίλοις ἐλεινὸς εἰσορᾶν ἐγώ. 
fol nga Hom chn BO BOF. wm btyerd As 
μή πού τι προὔθης τῶνδε καὶ τ νυ τέρω ; 
HPOMIOETS. 
ϑνητούς γ᾽ ἔπαυσα μὴ προδέρκεσθαι μόρον. 
whisk ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
τὸ ποῖον εὑρῶν τῆσδε φάρμακον νόσου ; 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 


--.»Ὁ > > ~ > 7 la 
τυφλὸς ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐλπίδας κατῴκισα. 900 
ΞΡ 5 ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ιιέγ᾽ ὠφέλημα τοῦτ᾽ ἐδωρήσω βροτοῖς. -" 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙ͂Σ. 
πρὸς τοῖσδε μέντοι πῦρ ἐγώ σφιν ὥπασα. ahd 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
καὶ νῦν φλογωπὸν πῦρ ἔχουσ᾽ ἐφήμεροι ; 
" 


ἊἋ 


16 ; AIST AO T'S. 


44 
=p ARE OF 999 


ἀφ᾽ οὗ γε πολλὰς ἐχμαθήσονται τέχνας. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
τοιοῖσδε δή σε Ζευς ἐπ᾽ αἰτιάμασιν ἜΝ 255 
αἰκίζεταί τε κοὐδαμῆ χαλᾷ κακῶν ᾿ 
οὐδ᾽ ἔστιν ἄθλου τέρμα σοι πρόϊλαννον; ; 
» HPOMHOETS. 
οὐχ ἄλλο γ᾽ οὐδὲν, πλὴν ὅταν κείνῳ δοκῇ. 


xOPO ΣΙ 
Se Ἃ ὩΣ Σ ’ > 7 - > c “ a. 
δόξει δὲ mas; tis ἐλπίς ; οὐχ ὁρᾷς OTL 
a < a ΕΣ 
ἥμαρτες ; ὥς δ᾽ ay οὔτ᾽ ἐμοὶ λέγειν 900 
ute «θ᾿ eae Pash sR ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν 
3 Waxes toes σιν ζήτει τινά. 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 
> ‘ a 4 ” / 
élapooy, ὅστις πημάτων ἔξω πόδα 
ἔχει, vs haa νουθετεῖν τε τὸν κακῶς ye 
πράφσοντ᾽ . ἐγὼ δὲ ταῦθ᾽ ἅπαντι “ἥπιστάμην. 265 


ἑκὼν EXOV ἥμα oe ἀρνήσομαι ‘ 
ye Ben: δ᾽ 'ἀρήγων, ἀυτὸς εὑρόμην πόνους. 


~ 


τι ποιναῖς γ᾽ φόμην τοίαισί με 
kat aie 7 ris μὴ 


νανεῖσθαι πρὸς πέτραις πεδαρσίοις, 
τυχάντ᾽ ἐρήμου τοὔδ᾽ aren Fax ON- 270 
καί μοι τὰ μὲν παρόντα μη ὕὑρέοϑ᾽ ἄχη, 
. πεδοῖ δὲ βᾶσαι tas προσερπούσας τύχας 
ἀκούσαθ᾽, ὡς μάθητε διὰ τέλους τὸ πᾶν. 
πείθεσθέ μοι; πείθεσθε, HEA 
τῷ νυν μογοῦντι. THY ὄμοι λανωμένῃ 275 
πρὸς ἄλλοτ᾽ ἄλλον 1 πημονὴ προσιζάνει. 

τ aw. 

οὐχ ἀκούσαις ἐπεθώύξας al \2aweg / / My sage ας 
μῆνις 7) bone “ἈΚ » ated, ἔμ 2 dl ee ee 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AEZSMATHE. 17 


τοῦτο, Προμηθεῦ. Ὁ : 
καὶ νῦν θα κοδὶ κραιπνόσυτον 
f 
ϑᾶκον ngokint πουσ᾽, Post 4) 280 
έ ἁγνὸν πόρον οἰωνῶν 
oe a 9° ἁγνὸν πόρον ote BM dawn ΟΣ 
ἰκρίοέσσῃ χθονὶ τῇδε πελῶ"-" 
τοὺς σοὺς δὲ πόνους. =} ., 2; fe ard 
χρήζω διὰ παντὸς ἀκοῦσαι. +4 
ὩΚΕΑΝΟΣ. 
i] x00 0 So) pegs τέρμα κελεύθου, 
seiko Biatleapdlevas πρὸς σὲ, Προμηθεῦ, 285 
τὸν πτερυγῳκῆ τόνδ᾽ οἰωνὸν ᾿ fi; 
νώμῃ στομίων ἄτερ εὐθύνων “2, 
A Ἀπ ems εἄχερ SUG Cars 
tats σαῖς bs τύχαις, Y ΓΞ συνα ἰγώ, ! 
_ τότε γάρ με, tone, Bolt Uy a. οὕτως 
- a ate --κ ἃ} 
νυν... ἐσαναγκάζει, ΙΕ δὰ [αὶ - 200 
A 4, oe “ee mA, 


χωρίς τὲ γένους, οὐκ ἐς EGR EE | a t/ τὶ ᾿ 


μείζονα μοῖραν ΡΩΝ Roo. {4 εἰ ὐρῆ ᾳ 

γνώσει δὲ τάδ᾽ ὡς ἔτυμ’᾽, οὐδὲ μάτην 
ιτογλῶσσε ΝΣ EVL μοι." φέρε YO. ΠΡΟ 

ane τὶ xen Sor epee ἐν oe 295 

ov γάρ mot’ ἐρεῖς, as “usavov — 

φίλος ἐστὶ βεθδαιότερός σοι. οὐ 

ΠΡΟΜΠΗΘΕΥΣ. : 

ἔα, τί χρῆμα; > καὶ σὺ ἡ δὴ. ὄνων Sank Ἧ “ὉΠ (ἢ 

ἥκεις ἐπόπτης ; i πῶς ἐπόλμησας, i ιπῶν λὸ he 

orn Seas τε ῥεῦμα καὶ πετρηρεφῆ. 28 xo 

αὐτόκτιτ᾽ ἄντρα, τὴν σιὸδ φφμήτρρα | 0% j 9a Aa 

tt ἐλθεῖν ε αἶαν. Vv; : A ϑεὸ ἴδε ν᾽ τύγας. ΩΝ tt 

Mee ἐμὰς ὮΝ ἜΝ τῳ ὶ ξυναῦ ἁλῶν. Pats mrs 

Bot OVA A 0 YO Oe 


18 PHIPETAOT 


JAK PUAN ALAA i bite 1 fz, 
¥ ra 6h fe ἦ , ALA 
δέρκου ϑέαμα, τόνδε tov Atos φίλον,  , : aig 
τὴ , . , pec" ‘3 
TOV συγκαταστήσᾳντα. THY τνραννίδα 305 
fe fie a i & by his kg y gf τῷ 


“ Ce t “ 
OLALS ὑπ΄ αὐτου πημοναῖσι καμπτομαι, 
QKEANOS. 
eis ἂν \ r Bin 4 
ὁρῶ, Προμηθεῦ, fad παραινέσαι γὲ σοι 
ϑέλω τὰ λῷστα, καίπερ ὄντε ποικίλῳ. 
ΠΈΣ 0 °F a! 
γίγνωσκε σαυτὸν, καὶ μεθαάῤμοδάι τρόπους 
, , ν ἢ Γ > - Σ᾽ 
νέους " νέρς yao καὶ τύραννρς ἐν; hegis! 810 
nF? bbe Mee on) HE Ύ ΩΝ yey + 
εἰ δ᾽ ὧδε τραχεῖς καὶ τέθηγμένους λόγους. 
ῥίψεις, τάχ᾽ ἂν σου, καὶ μαχρὰν ἀνωτέρω 
ϑακῶν, κλύοι Ζεὺς. ὥστε Col τὸν νῦν yodov Bk ins 
? 4 πὶ ΨΩ eA 
παρόν, ὄχθων παιδιὰν εἶναι δοκεῖν.  .... 
ἀλλ᾽, ὦ ταλαίπωρ᾽, ἃς FSIS ἄφες, 818 
ΕῚ - 4 the 4, 
ἕήτει δὲ. τῶνδε π jude τῶν anakhayas. 
ἀρχαῖ᾽ ἴσως σοι φαίνομαι λέγειν τάδε" 
~ é ~ c AG Pd 
τοιαῦτα μέντοι τῆς ἄγαν ὑψηγόῤου 


γλώσσης, Προμηθεῖ, τ πίχειρα γίγνεται, UA 


συ δ᾽ οὐῥέπο tastes ὃς, οὐδ᾽ χαχοῖς 890. 
on Nh al πα τς ΤᾺ) απ ae δεῖν HeAets 
Ψ . 
Ore ° Ae ° 


O44 ” » ( , : 
“ OUXOUY, ἔμοιγε YOOMEV ασκάλῳ, = ey, 
πρὸς χέντρα κῶλον ἐκίενεῖς ὁρῶν, ὅτι SY 1. Sy ΤΑΝ ae 
UPR "Ὁ G μον τὰ sie γος 
τραχὺυς μόναρχος οὐδ᾽ ὑπεύθυνος χρατεῖ. ~ 


- ᾿ ‘ Aw ss 3 
καὶ νῦν ἐγὼ μὲν εἶμι, val mst a 330 
cas ΕΣ , ee Py Υί om 
, ἐὰν δύνω τώνδὲε σ᾽ ἐζλυσαι πόνῳν." 
AA, νἀ τῶι 2» a : 
“ov δ᾽ ἡσύχαξε, und αὐροστόμει. » » (7 
be 2s. Roe το χη Axe aay Oy Bh 
τ ἢ οὐκ οἶσθ᾽ ἀκριθῶς, ὧν περισσόφρων, OTL 
[4 ’ 7 7 ἢ 
γλώφοῃ wep sig, ὕγμία, πρροτοίξενμι Γ, γί — 
ri ioe BPE? fel 
vy / - 330 


) eae tas κυρεῖς, “Ὁ 
aos . μενα: , 
πάντων μετὰσχ ταὶ RATS ἐμοῦ 
χῇ ; & 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AEZM L af a Shee, 5 
ar) wr ot. a ee a 
καὶ γῦν Sat μηδέ σοι μελησάτω.᾽ 
πῶς γὰρ οὐ πείσεις "ἤν a Ey Ox 
5 le δ᾽ αὐτὸς μή τι SOR Ὧν : f 
QKEAN as ΠΝ ppl? 
πολλῷ 7: ἀμείνων τοὺς πέλας ψρεοῦν ἔφὶ ς 886 
νὴ σαυτόν " "ἔργῳ κοὺ λόγῳ τρηβαίοναδι ἜΣ Ὡς ωξδς 
agua, ‘be μηδ tained) wa ἔ 5 εν 
ὁρμώμενον ε ἔν, αμῶς ἂν, ἰσπάσῃς." 


ἀὐχῶ yao, αὐχῶ τήνδε δῶρ 
δώσειν Ai’, ὥστε τ ιὥνδέ ἐπ hte hk πόνων. 
y POMHOETrS. 


η Η A lb Pe > ~ Gta ᾿ τ δὴ 
Ass oe Hae: ἑπαινώ, xovdaun ἃ YER KO τε. 340 


2. 


yk 


χὰ θυμίας +9 οὐδὲν ἐλλείπεις. ἀξὰρς ΘΑ. 
“μηδ em gegvel : μάτην γὰρ, οὐδὲν ἀπ λῶν 


ἡ μοὶ πονήσεις, εἴ τι καὶ πονεῖν ϑέλεις. awit 
9 ΄ 
ἀλλ ἡσύχαζε, σαυτὸν Sacha “LEYS eq gue 
ἐγὼ YOO οὔκ, εἰ δύστῦ — 345 
et 


FEL ἐμ ἂν ὡς reins vas Tv 
2. a μὲ καὶ κ 2M feed i ga 
λᾶντος, ὃς πρὸς éanéo us τόπους 
Soc, , ploy? οὐρανοῦ, τὲ καὶ χθονὸς 
ὥμοις ἐρείδων, ἄζθος οὐκ εὐάγκαλον. 860 


τὸν γηγενῆ τε Κιλικίων οἰκήτορα 
ἄντρων ἰδὼν ᾧκτειρα, δάϊον τέρας, 


ε Ps γονμεγόν "ἢ 

ἑχατογκάρη Mahe πρὸς βίαν εἰῤούμενον 

Τυφῶνα § os acu στῃ he 6 ne 
Phare 

σμεῤδναῖσι. γ γοβ, χάρι rn poo ivov*® oom, 808 

ἐδ ὀμμάτων δ᾽ ἠδέραπτε 7007 υὐχὸν nak 

ὡς τὴν Atos τυραννίδ᾽ ae ee βίᾳ αὐδ 


4χ λαχὸ. 


20 Ai Ae TAT 


χλλ᾽ ἦλθ 
Bs 


at 
OS QUTOV EFé7 


αὐτῷ Ζηνὸς πον βέλος, 
αὖ Li ee phiya, J ab A tr, 
nse τῶν ἐτῶν χάρου 5, Gee ZONE: De 


κομπασμάτων.͵ ἜΗΙ εἰ ride τυπεὶς ἡβόσι 
ἐφεψαλώ on δ νυν ” δθένος. τὴ 
καὶ νῦν, ἀχρεῖον καὶ παρήορον δέμας, 

κεῖται στενωποῦ πλησίον ϑαλασσίου, 

ἱπούμενος δίζαισιν Aitvatai ὕπο" 365 


κορυφαῖς δ᾽ ἐν ἄκραις γζμάνος μγδραρεενπεῖ 
ἽἬφαιστος, ἔνθεν ἐχραγήδονταί ποτε 
ποταμοὶ πυρὸς δάπταντες «ἀχρίαις ἤρα 


ov δ᾽ οὐκ ἄπειρος, οὐδ᾽ ἐμοῦ διδασκάλου 
χρήξεις " σεαυτὸν Gal ὅπως & (στασσικα 


ἐγὼ δὲ τὴν πα Uae, VIAPOQvYNV; 375 
᾿ξς 1) ἂν Διὸς φρόνημα λ Ἔ όλου. 

aK EEN OS. 

οὔχουν, Προμηθεῦ, τοῦτο re νώσκεις, OTL 
ὀργῆς vooovans εἰσὶν ἢ τροὶ λόγοι; H0TrV & 


Fal νυ 


p=. 
are. “270 LAT. bs 14 MLO. ὩΣ; ἢ, ἡ 
ἐάν ts ἐν ᾿καιρῷ ve μαβέθαευ κέαρ, : “Γ΄ 
αν ὁ 
κα σφριγῶν toyvaivy βίᾳ. “τ 6 
καὶ μὴ σφοιγάσ, Sue bean βίᾳ: λό, 
ΞΆΚΧ g Zh fhvtrs 4 


ἐν τῷ noob υμεῖσθαι δὲ ae τολμάν τίνα 
ὁρᾷς ἐνοῦσαν ζημίαν ; δασκξ με. 


* 


HPOMHOETZ ZEZMRTH2. 21 


tthe 0 MILO 2 Hs fll, 
μόχθον wis ἘΞ oe τ > εὐηθία: 


a, Man K Ν ᾿ 
Ea te τή vie φρὴν 1 νῦσον σεῖν, ἐπε" 
τη κέρδιστον εὖ φῥονοῦντα un δοκεῖν φρονεῖν. 3886 
. HOETS. 
ἐμὸν δοκήσει een εἶναι τόδε 


KANO Zag PY 


capas μ᾽ és oixov ods λόγος στέλζει πάλιν. 


ht hin, ARABS BTS. jy aa bes εὐ 
μὴ “γάρ δε ϑρῆνος οὑμὸς εἰς Ath Rady. atl 
Ag he. f & ΜΑ τ oe os {ιν γι 


ἢ τῷ ἊΝ ϑακοῦντι παγκρατεῖς ἕδρας ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. ἡ 
τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ. > 390 
KE AN 0.2. 
ἡ σὴ, Προμηθεῦ, stats oa ὦ διδάσκαλος. 


7 ee OE. 
στέλλου, κομίζου, 6 ν ἦν RANE γοῦν.. 


Pans) LKEANO 
La ὁρμωμένῳ gets τόνδ᾽ ἐθώύξας Mon. 
᾿ λευρὸν γορ οἶμον αἰθέρ 5 Wal a, πτεροῖς 
τετραρκελῆς οἰωνός " ad Vos δέ τὰἂν 395 
σταθμοῖς ἐν οἰχείοισι tue γόνυ. 
‘ gor Lk ORO Mees 
στένω σε τᾶς oe an Προμηθεῦ, λα 
pe sears Tae ἀπ’ ᾿λόσσων ᾿ ῥαδινῶν i εἰδομένα 
Is δέος, παι εἰν haps 400 
porters ἔτεγξα παγαῖς - ἀϊέγαρτα γὰρ τάδε Ζεὺς 
: 807 — 406. = 406 --- 414. 


<) 


,ω 42 δ 


a” 


22 ΑἸΣΧΥΑΘΟΥ 


prey *>h 
pwr Y LX LY 
ἰδίοις νόμοις, ἔρατύνων, v ὑπ περήφανον 'ϑεοῖς τοῖς 
fy} } " 
πάρος acres den αἰχμάν..ν iy b>) a ft pu, 405 


@ ᾿ 


πρόπασᾳ ὃ δ᾽ ἤδη στονόεν λέλα sae χώρα, ὉΛΑᾺ (06 
μεέλἀλοσχήμονά “te ἀρχαιοπρὲ ἢ ᾿στένουσα τὰν σὸν 
ξυνοαιμόνων TE τιμᾶν, ὁπόσοι τ᾽ ἔποικον ἁγνᾶς 410 
* Aoias £895) γέμοντα μέγαχοσιόνοισι. σοῖς πή- 


μασι συγκάμνουσί ϑνητοί : 


Κολχίδος τε γᾶς ἔνοικοι 415 
παρθένοι, μάχας δτρεῦξθι, 
καὶ Σκύθης ὅμιλος, οἵ γᾶς 
ἔσχατον τόπον ἀμφὶ Μαιῶτιν ἔχουσι λίμναν, 
᾿“ραθίας τ᾽ ἄρειον ἄνθος, 420 
ὑψίκρημνόν F ot πόλισμα 
Καυκάσου πέλας νέμονται, 
δάϊος στρατὸς, ὀξυπρώροισι βρέμων ἐν αἰχμαῖς. -. 
μόνον δὴ πρόσθεν ἄλλον ἐν πόνοις 425 
δαμέντ᾽ ἀδαμαντοδέτοις Τιτᾶνα λύμαις 
εἰσιδόμαν ϑεὸν " 4τλαν, 
ὃς αἰὲν ὑπέροχον σθένος κραταιὸν 
οὐράνιόν τε πόλον νώτοις ὑποστενάζει. 430 
βοᾷ δὲ πόντιος κλύδων 
ξυμπιτνῶν, στένει βυθὸς, 
κελαινὸς " Δϊδος δ᾽ ὑποδρέμει μυχὸς yas, 
mayat 8᾽ ἁγνορύτων ποταμῶν στένουσιν ἄλγος 
οἶχτρόν. 435 
MPOMHOETS. 
uy τοι χλιδῇ δοκεῖτε μηδ᾽ avOadia 
σιγᾶν με" συννοίᾳ δὲ δάπτομαι κέαρ, 
ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον 
415 — 419. --- 420 — 424. 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AESMATHS. 


καίτοι ϑεοῖσι τοῖς νέοις τούτοις γέρα 

τίς ἄλλος ἢ ’y@ παντελῶς διώρισεν ; 

ἀλλ᾽ αὐτὸ σιγῶ. καὶ yoo εἰδυίαισιν ἂν 
ὑμῖν | βέγοιμι" τὰν βροτοῖς δὲ πήματα 
ἀκούσαθ᾽, ἢ, ὡς σφᾶς, νηπίους ὄντας τὸ πρὶν, 
ἔννοὺς ἔθηκα καὶ ἡ ον ἐπηδόλους,--- 

λέξω δὲ, μέμψιν οὔτιν᾽ ἀνθρώποις ἔχων, 
ἀλλ᾽ ὧν δέδωκ᾽ εὔνοιαν ἐξηγούμενος, ---- 
οἱ πρῶτα μὲν βλέποντες E6Aemov μάτην, 
κλύοντες οὐκ ἤκουον, ἀλλ᾽ ὀνειράτων 
ἀλίγκιοι μορφαῖσι τὸν μακρὸν χρόνον 
ἔφυρον εἰκῇ πάντα; κοὔτε πλινθυφεῖς 
δόμους προσείλους ἦσαν, ov ξυλουργίαν - 
κατώρυχες δ᾽ ἕναιον, ὥστ᾽ ἀήσυροι 
μύρμηκες, ἄντρων ἐν μυχοῖς ἀνηλίοϊς. 

ἦν δ᾽ οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς οὔτε χείματος τέκμαρ 
οὔτ᾽ ἀνθεμώδους ἦρος οὔτε καριέμου 
ϑέρους βέθαιον, ἀλλ᾽ ἄτερ γνώμης τὸ πᾶν 
ἔπρασσον, ἔς τε δή σφιν avtodds ἐγὼ 
ἄστρων ἔδειξα τάς τε δυσχρίτους δύσεις. 
καὶ μὴν ἀριθμὸν, ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων, 
ἐξεῦρον αὐτοῖς, γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις, 
μνήμην ϑ᾽ ἁπάντων μουσομήτορ᾽ ἐργάτιν. 
κἄζενξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα 
ζεύγλαισι δουλεύοντα - σώμασίν ϑ᾽ ὅπως 
ϑνητοῖς μεγίστων διάδοχοι μοχθημάτων 
γένωνθ᾽, vp’ ἅρματ᾽ ἤγαγον φιληνίους 
ἵππους, ἄγαλμα τῆς ὑπερπλούτου χλιδῆς. 
ϑαλασσόπλαγκτα δ᾽ οὔτις ἄλλος ἀντ᾽ ἐμοῦ 
λινόπτερ᾽ εὗρε ναυτίλων ὀχήματα." 


23 


440 


445 


450 


460 


465 


24 MEST AOL 


τοιαυτὰα μηχανήματ᾽ ἐξευρὼν τάλας 
βροτοῖσιν, αὐτὸς οὐκ ἔχω σόφισμ᾽, ὅτῳ 
τῆς VUY παρούσης πημονῆς ἀπαλλαγῶ. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
πέπονθας aixés πῆμ᾽" ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν 
πλανᾷ" κακὸς δ᾽ ἰατρὸς ὥς τις ἐς νόσον 
πεσῶν ἀθυμεῖς, καὶ σεαυτὸν οὐκ ἔχεις 
εὑρεῖν ὁποίοις φαρμάκοις ἰάσιμος. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 

- τὰ λοιπά μου κλύουσα ϑαυμάσει πλέον, 
οἵας τέχνας τε καὶ πόρους ἐμησάμην. 
τὸ μὲν μέγιστον, εἴ τις ἐς νόσον πέσοι, 
οὐχ ἦν ἀλέξημι᾽ οὐδὲν οὔτε βρώσιμον, 
οὐ χριστὸν, οὔτε πιστὸν, ἀλλὰ φαρμάχων 
χρείᾳ κατεσκχέλλοντο, πρίν γ᾽ ἐγὼ σφίσιν 
ἔδειξα κράσεις ἠπίων ἀκεσμάτων, 
αἷς τὰς ἁπάσας ἐξαμύνονται νόσους. 
τρόπους δὲ πολλοὺς μαντικῆς ἐστοίχισα, 
κἄκρινα πρῶτος ἐξ ὀνειράτων ἃ χρὴ 
co , ld 7 
ὕπαρ γενέσθαι, κληδόνας τε δυσκρίτους 
> ’ 9 2 ~ > ’, , 
ἐγνώρισ᾽ avtois: ἐνοδίους te συμδόλους 
γαμψωνύχων τε πτῆσιν οἰωνῶν σκεθρῶς 
διώρισ᾽, οἵτινές τε δεξιοὶ φύσιν 
εὐωνύμους τε, καὶ δίαιταν ἥντινα 
ἔχουσ᾽ ἕκαστοι, καὶ πρὸς ἀλλήλους τίνες 
ἔχθραι τε καὶ στέργηθρα καὶ συνεδρίαι" 
σπλάγχνων τε λειότητα, καὶ χροιὰν τίνα 
μι Leet | 3» ae ‘ ς Ν 
ἔχοντ᾽ ἂν εἴῃ δαίμοσιν πρὸς ἡδονὴν, 

~ we 7 ΕΣ ’ 
χολῆς λοδοῦ τε ποικίλην εὐμορφίαν, 


470 


470 


480 


485 


490 


495 


WPOMHOETS ΖΕΣΜΏΤΗΣ 


κνίσῃ TE κῶλα συγκαλυπτά " καὶ μακρὰν 
ὀσφῦν πυρώσας, δυστέκμαρτον εἰς τέχνην. 
ὅδωσα ϑνητούς-: καὶ phoyand σήματα 
ἐξωμμάτωσα, πρόσθεν ὄντ᾽ ἐπάργεμα. 
τοιαῦτα μὲν δῃ ταῦτ᾽ - ἔνερθε δὲ χθονὸς 
κεχρυμμέν᾽ ἀνθρώποισιν ὠφελήματα, 
χαλκὸν, σίδηρον, ἄργυρον, χρυσόν τε τίς 
φήσειεν ἂν πάροιθεν ἐξευρεῖν ἐμοῦ; 
οὐδεὶς, σάφ᾽ οἶδα, μὴ μάτην φλῦσαι ϑέλων. 
βραχεῖ δὲ μύθῳ πάντα συλλήθδην μάθε, 
πᾶσαι τέχναι βροτοῖσιν ἐκ Προμηθέως. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 

Ξ a | > la δι , 
μή νυν βροτοὺς μὲν ὠφέλει καιροῦ πέρα, 
σαυτοῦ δ᾽ ἀκήδει δυστυχοῦντος" ὡς ἐγὼ 
εὔελπίς εἰμι τῶνδέ σ᾽ ἐκ δεσμῶν ἔτι 
λυθέντα μηδὲν μεῖον ἰσχύσειν Atos. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 
οὐ ταῦτα ταύτῃ μοῖρά ma τελεσφόρος 
κρᾶναι πέπρωται, μυρίαις δὲ πημοναῖς 
δύαις τε καμφθεὶς, ὧδε δεσμὰ φυγγάνω" 
δι 9 > , > [4 oad 
τέχνη δ᾽ ἀνάγκης ἀσθενεστέρα μακρῷ. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
7 ᾿ LOPS 2 ‘ > , 
τίς οὖν ἀνάγκης ἐστὶν οἰακοστρόφος ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 
~ 7 4 ’ 9... 8 , 
μοῖραι τρίμορφοι, μνήμονές τ᾽ “Eguvves. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
, 32, ; 2 2 
τούτων ἄρα Ζεύς ἐστιν ἀσθενέστερος. 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕἵΥ͂Σ. 
᾿ οὔκουν ἂν ἐχφύγοι γε τὴν πεπρωμένην. 


500 


510 


515 


26 AIZXYAOY 


ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
? ‘ , x Ν 2.9, ~ 
ti γὰρ πέπρωται Ζηνὶ, πλὴν ἀεὶ κρατεῖν; 
ΠΡΟΜΠΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
τοῦτ᾽ οὐχ ἔτ᾽ ἂν πύθοιο, μηδὲ λιπάρει. 520 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
2 κα ; t > « la 
ἡ ποῦ τι σεμνόν ἔστιν ὁ ξυναμπέχεις. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘ ΕΥ͂Σ. 
ἄλλου λόγου μέμνησθε, τόνδε δ᾽ οὐδαμῶς 
καιρὸς γεγωνεῖν, ἀλλὰ συγκαλυπτέος 
a , , ‘ 7 > Ν 
σον μάλιστα " tovde γὰρ σώζων, ἐγὼ 
δεσμοὺς ἀεικεῖς καὶ δύας ἐκφυγγάνω, 525 
μ φ 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ἜΝ ΜῈ. “ 
μηδάμ᾽ ὁ πᾶντα νὲμῶν 
ϑεῖτ᾽ ἐμᾷ γνώμᾳ κράτος ἀντίπαλον Ζεὺς, 
39 > , ‘ Te ash 7 
μηδ᾽ ἐλινύσαιμι ϑεοὺς ὁσίαις ϑοίναις ποτινισ- 
σομένα 530 
, 4.9 ~ .. ὦ , 
βουφόνοις. παρ᾽ “S2xeavov πατρὸς ἄσθεστον πόρον, 
“μηδ᾽ ἀλίτοιμι λόγοις" 
ἀλλά μοι τόδ᾽ ἐμμένοι; 
καὶ μήποτ᾽ ἐκτακείη. 535 
ἡδύ τι ϑαρσαλέαις 
τὸν μακρὸν τείνειν βίον ἐλπίσι, φαναῖς 
ϑυμὸν ἀλδαίνουσαν ἐν εὐφροσύναις. φρίσσω δέ σε 
δερκομένα 540 
, 4 , % & * 
μυρίοις μόχθοις διακναιόμενον : 
Ζῆνα γὰρ οὐ τρομέων, 
OZ [4 4 
ἰδίᾳ γνώμῃ σέθει 
PL “ 
Gvatovs ἄγαν, Προμηθεῦ. 
526 — 535. = 536 — 544. 


HPOMHOETS AEZMATHS. 27 


φέρ᾽ ὅπως ἄχαρις χάρις, ὦ φίλος, εἰπὲ, ποῦ τίς 
ἀλκώ; 545 

tis ἐραμερίων ἄρηξις ; οὐδ᾽ ἐδέρχθης 

ὀλιγοδρανίαν ἄκικυν, 

ἰσόνειρον, ᾧ τὸ φωτῶν 


ἀλαὸν * * * γένος ἐμπεποδισμένον ; 550 
> ‘ ‘ ς , ~ , 
οὔποτε τὸν Διὸς ἁρμονίαν ϑνατῶν παρεξίασι 
βουλαί. : 

ἔμαθον τάδε, ods προσιδοῦσ᾽ odods τύχας, Προ- 
μηθεῦ. 

τὸ διαμφίδιον δέ μοι μέλος προσέπτα 555 


τόδ᾽, ἐκεῖνό & Ot’ ἀμφὲ λουτρὰ 
καὶ λέχος σὸν ὑμεναίουν 
ἰότατι γάμων, ὅτε TAY ὁμοπάτριον 
a ΒΩ ες , ‘ Ud 
édvois ἄγαγες “Howvav πιθὼν δάμαρτα κοινο- 
λέκτρον. . 56U 
Tn. 
τίς γῆ ; τί γένος ; τίνα φῶ λεύσσειν 
τόνδε χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισιν 
χειμαζόμενον ; 
7 > 7 Ἁ > 4 
τίνος ἀμπλακίης mowas ὀλέκει ; 
σήμηνον ὅπη 
γῆς ἡ μογερὰ πεπλάνημαι. 565 
ἃ a, ἔα ἔα" 
’, να ‘ Ul Γ 
χρίει τις αὖ με τὰν τάλαιναν οἶστρος, 
εἴδωλον “Aoyou γηγενοῦς, ἄλευν δᾶ, 
ἰφυθδοῦμαι] τὸν μυριωπὸν εἰσορῶσα βούταν. 
ὃ δὲ πορεύεται δόλιον ὄμμ᾽ ἔχων, 670 
ὃν οὐδὲ κατθανόντα γαῖα κεύθει. 
545 — 552, = 553 — 560. 


28 GREER TOT 


ἀλλά με τὰν τάλαιναν 
ἐξ ἐνέρων περῶν κυνηγετεῖ, 
~ ~ > ‘ ‘ 7 U 
πλανᾷ TE νῆστιν AVE τὸν παραλίαν ψάμμον. 
ὑπὸ δὲ κηρόπλαστος ὁτοθεῖ δόναξ 
ἀχέτας ὑπνοδόταν νόμον" ἰὼ ἰὼ, πόποι, 575 
ποῖ, πόποι, ποῖ μ᾽ ἄγουσι τηλέπλανοι πλάναι. 
7 ’ 9 εν , 
ti ποτέ μ᾽, ὦ Κρόνιε 
~ 7 ~ ἥν 4 «ς 
παῖ, τί ποτε Taiad’ EvelevEas εὖ- 
ρῶν ἁμαρτοῦσαν ἐν πημοναῖσιν, 
é &, οἰστρηλάτῳ δὲ δείματι δειλαίαν 580 
παράκοπον ὧδε TELQELS ; 
πυρί με φλέξον, ἢ χθονὶ κάλυψον, ἢ 
’ 7, s Ν» 
ποντίοις δάκεσι δὸς Booay, 
l4 
μηδὲ μοι φθονήσῃς 
εὐγματων, ἄναξ. 
ἄδην με πολύπλανοι πλάναι 586 
γεγυμνάκασιν, οὐδ᾽ ἔχω μαθεῖν ὅπη 
mnuovas ἀλύξω. 
κλύεις φθέγμα tas βούχερω παρθένου ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
πῶς δ᾽ οὐ κλύω τῆς οἰστροδινήτου κόρης 
τῆς ᾿Ιναχείης ; ἣ Διὸς ϑάλπει κέαρ 590 
ἔρωτι, καὶ νῦν τοὺς ὑπερμήκχεις δρόμους 
a 4 ‘ 7 / 
"How στυγητὸς πρὸς βίαν γυμνάζεται. 
Tn. 
’ > “- a A ” 9 > , 
πόθεν ἐμοῦ OV πατρος ονομ᾽ ἀπῦεις, 
εἰπέ μοι τᾷ μογερᾷ, τίς ὦν, τίς ἄρα μ᾽, ὦ τάλας, 
τὰν ταλαίπωρον ὧδ᾽ ἐτήτυμα προσθροεῖς, 595 
ϑεόσυτόν τὲ νόσον 
574 — 588. = 593 — 608. 


ne 


WPOMHOETS AZEZSMQTH.. ‘29 


ὠνόμασας, ἃ μαραίνει με χρί- 
ουσα κέντροισι φοιταλέοισιν. 
n ” / BI 7, se 
δ & σκιρτημάτων δὲ νήστισιν αἰκίαις 600 
λαδρόσυτος ἦλθον, “Hoas 
ἐπικότοισι μήδεσι δαμεῖσα. δυσ- 
δαιμόνων δὲ τίνες, οἵ, ἔ 2, 
οἷ’ ἐγὼ, μογοῦσιν ; 
ἀλλά μοι τορῶς 
, a 9* > 4 
TEXUNQOYV, O TL μ΄ ETAMMEVEL 605 
παθεῖν, τί μῆχαρ ἢ τί φάρμακον νόσου 
δεῖξον, εἴπερ οἶσθα" 
ode, φράζε τᾷ δυσπλάνῳ παρθένῳ. 
HPOMHOETS. 
λέξω τορῶς σοι πᾶν ὅπερ χρήζεις μαθεῖν, 
οὐκ ἐμπλέκων αἰνίγματ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἁπλῷ λόγῳρ,ρ 610 
ὥσπερ δίκαιον πρὸς φίλους οἴγειν στόμα. 
πυρὸς βροτοῖς δοτῇρ᾽ ὁρᾷς Προμηθέα. 
Tn. 
Ἂν ears : Ἢ Ἢ ~ ἢ 
ὦ κοινὸν ὠφέλημα ϑνητοῖσιν φανεὶς, 
τλῆμον Προμηθεῦ, τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδε ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ς ~ , > «Ὁ 
ἁρμοῖ πέπαυμαι τοὺς ἐμοὺς ϑρηνῶν πόνους. 615 
TQ. 
οὔκουν πόροις ἂν τήνδε δωρεὰν ἐμοί; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
λέγ᾽ ἥντιν᾽ αἰτεῖ" πᾶν γὰρ ἂν πύθοιό μου. 
. TQ. 
σήμηνον ὅστις ἐν φάραγγί σ᾽ ὥχμασε. 
3 * 


30 AIZXYTAOYL 


IPOMHOETS. 
βούλευμα μὲν τὸ δῖον, ᾿Ηφαίστου δὲ χείρ. 
In. 
mowas δὲ ποίων ἀμπλακημάτων τίνεις ; €20 
IPOMUOETS. 
τοσοῦτον ἀρκχῶ GOL σαφηνίσαι μόνον. 
In. 
καὶ πρός γε τούτοις τέρμα τῆς ἐμῆς πλάνης 
δεῖξον τίς ἔσται τῇ ταλαιπώρῳ χρόνος. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΙ͂Σ. 
τὸ μὴ μαθεῖν σοι κρεῖσσον 7) μαθεῖν τάδε. 
i Tn. 
μῆτοι με κρύψῃς τοῦθ᾽ ὅπερ μέλλω παθεῖν. 625 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘ ΕΥ̓͂Σ. 
ἀλλ᾽ οὐ μεγαίρω τοῦδέ σοι δωρήματος. 
"δ Tae 
τί δῆτα μέλλεις μὴ οὐ γεγωνίσκειν τὸ πᾶν ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙ͂Σ. 
φθόνος μὲν οὐδεὶς, cds δ᾽ ὀκνῶ Foakat φρένας. 
In. 
μή μου προκήδου μᾶσσον ὧς ἐμοὶ γλυκύ. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ἐπεὶ προθυμεῖ, χρὴ λέγειν: ἄκουε δή. 680 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
uyme γε" μοῖραν δ᾽ ἡδονῆς κἀμοὶ πόρε. 
τὴν τῆσδε πρῶτον ἱστορήσωμεν νόσον, 
αὑτῆς λεγούσης tas πολυφθόρους τύχας" 
τὰ λοιπὰ δ᾽ ἄθλων σοῦ διδαχθήτω πάρα. 


| 
| 
| 


} 
| 
| 


HPOMHOETS AZEZMATH.. 


IPOMHOETS. 
σὸν ἔργον, Lot, ταῖσδ᾽ ὑπουργῆσαι χάριν, 
ἄλλως τε πάντως καὶ κασιγνήταις πατρός. 
ὡς τἀποκλαῦσαι κἀποδύρασθαι τύχας 
ἐνταῦθ᾽, ὅπη μέλλει τις οἴσεσθαι δάκρυ 
πρὸς τῶν κλυόντων, ἀξίαν τριδὴν ἔχει. 

Tn. 

οὐχ 01d’ ὅπως ὑμῖν ἀπιστῆσαί με χρὴ, 
σαφεῖ δὲ μύθῳ πᾶν ὅπερ προσχρήζετε 
πεύσεσθε" καίτοι καὶ λέγουσ᾽ ὀδύρομαι 
ϑεόσσυτον χειμώνα καὶ διαφθορὰν 
μορφῆς, ὅθεν μοι σχετλίᾳ προσέπτατο. 
ἀεὶ γὰρ ὄψεις ἔννυχοι πολεύμεναι 
ἐς παρθενῶνας τοὺς ἐμοὺς, παρηγόρουν 
λείοισι μύθοις - ὦ μέγ᾽ εὔδαιμον κόρη, 
τί παρθενεύει δαρὸν, ἐξόν σοι γάμου 
τυχεῖν μεγίστου ; Ζεὺς yao ἱμέρου βέλει 
πρὸς σοῦ τέθαλπται, καὶ ξυναίρεσθαι Κύπριν 
Béla συ δ᾽, ὦ παῖ, un ᾿πολακτίσῃς λέχος 
τὸ Ζηνὸς. ἀλλ᾽ ἔξελθε πρὸς Aéovys βαθὺν 
λειμῶνα, ποίμνας βουστάσεις τε πρὸς πατρὸς, 
ὡς ἂν τὸ δῖον ὄμμα λωφήσῃ πόθου. 
τοιοῖσδε πάσας εὐφρόνας ὀνείρασι 
ξυνειχόμην δύστηνος, ἔς te δὴ πατρὲ 
ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν νυκτίφοιτ᾽ ὀνείρατα. 
ὁ δ᾽ ἔς τε Πυθὼ κἀπὶ Aodavns πυκνοὺς 
ϑεοπρόπους ἴαλλεν, ws μαθῃ, τί χρὴ 
δρῶντ᾽ ἢ λέγοντα δαίμοσιν πράσσειν φίλα. 
ἧκον δ᾽ ἀναγγέλλοντες αἰολοστόμους 


31 


640 


650 


655 


660 


32 AIZXYTAOT 


χρησμους ἀσήιιους δυσχρίτως τ᾽ εἰρημένους. 


’ 3 > x 7 Ξ᾽ : 3 ’ 
τέλος δ᾽ ἐναργὴς βάξις ἦλθεν, ᾿Ινάχῳ 
~ > ᾿ξ ᾿ ΄ 
σαφώς ἐπισκήπτουσα καὶ μυθουμέενη 
ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας ὠθεῖν ἐμὲ, 
ἄφετον ἀλᾶσθαι γῆς ἐπ᾿ ἐσχάτοις ὅροις " 

2 Ά, [ἢ ‘ > ‘ ~ 
κεῖ μὴ ϑέλοι, πυρωπὸν ἐκ Διὸς μολεῖν 
κεραυνὸν, ὃς πᾶν ἐξαϊστώσει γένος. 

~ ‘ ἊΝ 7 
τοιοῖσδε πεισθεὶς Aogiov μαντεύμασιν, 
2 ld ’ ? ’ 
ἐξήηλασὲν μὲ καπέκλεισε δωμάτων 
ἄκουσαν ἄκων: ἀλλ᾽ ἐπηνάγκαζέ νιν 
Διὸς χαλινὸς πρὸς βίαν πράσσειν τάδε. 
εὐθὺς δὲ μορφὴ καὶ φρένες διάστροφοι 
ἦσαν, κεραστὶς δ᾽, ὡς ὁρᾶτ᾽, ὀξυστόμῳ 
μύωπι χρισθεῖσ᾽, ἐμμανεῖ σκιρτήματι 
ἧσσον πρὸς εὔποτόν τε Κερχνείας δέος 
Aéigyns ἄκρην τε" βουκόλος δὲ γηγενὴς 
ἄκρατος ὀργὴν Apyos ὡμάρτει, πυκνοῖς 
ὕσσοις δεδορκὼς τοὺς ἐμοὺς κατὰ otibous. 
ἀπροσδόχητος δ᾽ αὐτὸν αἰφνίδιος μόρος 
τοῦ ζῆν ἀπεστέρησεν. οἰστρόπληξ δ᾽ ἐγὼ 
μάστιγι ϑείᾳ γὴν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι. 

ἡ. x ; Pe Ἢ > go ἡ" SA, eer 
κλύεις τὰ πραχθέντ᾽" εἰ δ᾽ ἔχεις εἰπεῖν ὃ τι 
λοιπὸν πόνων, σήμαινε" μηδέ μ᾽ οἰκτίσας 
ξύνθαλπε μύθοις ψευδέσιν - νόσημα vag 
αἴσχιστον εἶναί φημι συνϑέτους λόγους. 

ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ἔα Fa, ἄπεχε, φεῦ " 


οὔποτ᾽ οὔποτ᾽ ηὔχουν ξένους μολεῖσθαι λόγους 


a 2 Ν » ‘ 
ἐς ἀκοῦν EMMY, 


070 


675 


690 


HPOMH@ETSZ AZEXZMATH.. 33 


| 

| οὐδ᾽ ὧδε δυσθέατα καὶ δύσοιστα 

| πήματα, λύματα, δείματ᾽ ἀμφήκει 

| ᾿κέντρῳ ψύχειν wuyay ἐμάν " 

ἰὼ ἰῶ μοῖραι μοῖρα, 

᾿πέφρικ᾽ εἰσιδοῦσα πρᾶξιν ᾿Ϊ]οῦς. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
πρό γε στενάζεις καὶ φόδου πλέα τις εἶ" 
ἐπίσχες ἔς τ᾽ ἂν καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ προσμάθῃς. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 

λέγ᾽ , ἐχδίδασκε' τοῖς νοσοῦσί τοι γλυκὺ 

τὸ λοιπὸν ἄλγος προυξεπίστασθαι τορῶς. 

| IPOMHNOETS. 

τὴν πρίν γε γρείαν ἠνύσασθ᾽ ἐμοῦ πάρα 

κούφως" βαθεῖν yao τῆσδε πρῶτ᾽ ἐχρήζετε 

τὸν ἀμφ᾽ ἑαυτῆς ἄθλον ᾿ἐξηλουβένης ὃ 

τὰ λοιπὰ νῦν ἀκούσαθ᾽, οἷα χρὴ πάθη 

τλῆναι πρὸς “ρας τήνδ τὴν νεάνιδα. 

σύ τ᾽, ᾿Ινάχειον σπέρμα, τοὺς ἐμοὺς λόγους 

ϑυμῷ Bad’, ὡς ἂν τέρματ᾽ ἐχμάθῃς ὁδοῦ. 

πρῶτον μὲν ἐνθένδ᾽ ἡλίου πρὸς avtohds 
τρέψασα σαυτὴν στεῖχ᾽ ἀνηρότους γύας " 
κύθας δ᾽ ἀφίξει vouddas, ot πλεκτὰς στέγας 
εδάρσιοι ναίουσ᾽ ἐπ᾽ evxdxiots ὄχοις, 

κηθόλοις τόξοισιν ἐξηρτημένοι " 

is μὴ πελάζειν, ἀλλ᾽ ἁλιστόνοις πόδας 
ρίμπτουσα ῥαχίαισιν ἐκπερᾶν χθόνα. 

"λαιάς δὲ χειρὸς ot σιδηροτέχτονες 

ἰκοῦσι Χάλυδες, οὗς φυλάξασθαΐί σε χρή. 

" νήμεροι γὰρ οὐδὲ πρόσπλαστοι ξένοις. 


| 
| 
2 
| 


; 


700 


710 


718 


34 AIZXZXYAOT 


ἥξεις δ᾽ “Y6orotny ποταμὸν ov ψευδώνυμον, 
ὃν μὴ περάσῃς, οὐ γὰρ εὔθατος περᾶν, 

πρὶν ἂν πρὸς αὐτὸν Καύκασον μόλῃς, ὀρῶν 
ὕψιστον, ἔνθα ποταμὸς ἐκφυσᾷ μένος 
χροτάφων ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν. ἀστρογείτονας δὲ χρὴ 
κορυφὰς ὑπερθάλλουσαν ἐς μεσημθρινὴν 
βῆναι κέλευθον, ἔνθ᾽ “Auatovay στρατὸν 
ἵξει στυγάνορ᾽", at Θεμίσκυράν ποτε 
κατοικιοῦσιν aupi Θερμώδονθ᾽, ἵνα 

τραχεῖα πόντου Σ᾽αλμυδησία γνάθος 
ἐχθρόξενος ναύταισι, μητρυιὰ νεῶν " 

αὗταί σ᾽ ὁδηγήσουσι καὶ μάλ᾽ ἀσμένως. 


720 


ἰσθμὸν δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ αὐταῖς στενοπόροις λίμνης πύλαις 


Κιμμερικὸν ἥξεις, ὃν ϑρασυσπλάγχνως σὲ χρὴ 


λιποῦσαν aviav’ ἐκπερᾶν αιωτικόν " 
ἔσται δὲ ϑνητοῖς εἰσαεὶ λόγος μέγας 
τῆς σῆς πορείας, Βόσπορος δ᾽ ἐπώνυμος 
κεχλήσεται. λιποῦσα δ᾽ Εὐρώπης πέδον, 
ἤπειρον ἥξεις ᾿“Ισιάδ᾽΄. ἄρ᾽ ὑμῖν δοκεῖ 
ὁ τῶν ϑεῶν τύραννος ἐς Ta πάνθ᾽ δμῶς 
βίαιος εἶναι ; τῇδε γορ ϑνητῇ ϑεὸς 
χρήζων μιγῆναι, τάσδ᾽ ἐπέῤῥιψεν πλάνας. 
πικροῦ δ᾽ ἔκυρσας, ὦ κόρη, τῶν σῶν γάμων 
μνηστῆρος. OVS vag νῦν ἀκήκοας λόγους, 
εἶναι δόκει σοὶ μηδέπω ᾽ν προοιμίοις. 
TQ. 

ἰώ μοΐ μοι, ἢ é. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ov δ᾽ αὖ κέκραγας καναμυχθίζει " τί πον 
δράσεις, ὅταν ta λοιπὰ πυνθάνῃ κακά; 


790 


735 


740 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ ΔΕΣΜΏΤΗΣ. 


ΧΌΡΟΣ. 
> 4 x “« td > ~ 
ἢ γάρ τι λοιπὸν τῇδε πημάτων ἐρεῖς ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙ͂Σ. 
δυσχείμερόν γε πέλαγος ἀτηρᾶς δύης. 
7 Tn. 
ti δῆτ᾽ ἐμοὶ ζῆν κέρδος, ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἐν τάχει 
ἔῤῥιψ᾽ ἐμαυτὴν τῆσδ᾽ ἀπὸ στύφλου πέτρας, 
ὅπως πέδῳ σκήψασα τῶν πάντων πόνων 
ἀπηλλάγην; κρεῖσσον γὰρ εἰσάπαξ ϑανεῖν 
ἢ τὰς ἁπάσας ἡμέρας πάσχειν κακῶς. 
UPOMHOETS. 
zr ~ n a > ‘ ΕΣ la 
ἡ δυσπετώς ἂν τοὺς ἐμους ἄθλους φέροις, 
ὅτῳ ϑανεῖν μέν ἐστιν οὐ πεπρωμένον " 
αὕτη yao ἦν ἂν πημάτων ἀπαλλαγή" 
νῦν δ᾽ οὐδέν ἐστι τέρμα μοι προκείμενον 
, ΡΞ SGN ee Wome ΄ ΄ 
μόχθων, πρὶν ἂν Ζεὺς ἐκπέσῃ τυραννίδος. 
Tn. 
ἦ γάρ ποτ᾽ ἐστὶν éxmeosiv ἀρχῆς Δία ; 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
Hoot’ ἂν, οἶμαι, τήνδ᾽ ἰδοῦσα συμφοράν. 
fn. 
πῶς δ᾽ οὐκ ἂν, ἥτις ἐκ Διὸς πάσχω xaxas ; 
IPOMHOETS. 
ς 7 ” = ’ ~ , 
ὡς τοίνυν ὄντων τῶνδέ σοι μαθεῖν πάρα. 
In. 
πρὸς τοῦ τύραννα σκῆπτρα συληθήσεται ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ὅς ἃ ει ες γι , 4 
αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτοῦ κενοφρόνων βουλευμάτων. 
In . 
ποίῳ τρόπῳ ; σήμηνον, εἰ μή τις βλάδη. 


. 


745 


760 


36 | AIZXYVTAOT 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
γαμεῖ γάμον τοιοῦτον ᾧ ποτ᾽ ἀσχαλᾷ. 
TQ. 
’ n , ES ‘ 7 
_ Feogtov, ἢ βρότειον; εἰ ῥητὸν, φράσον. 765 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
τί δ᾽ ὅντιν᾽; οὐ γὰρ δητὸν αὐδᾶσθαι τάδε. 
ΤΩ: 
> ‘ , > , , 
ἢ πρὸς δάμαρτος ἑξανίσταται Foovay ; 
IPOMUOETS. 
a 4 ’ ~ la , 
ἢ τέξεταίΐ γε παῖδα φέρτερον πατρός. 
eer? ἢ ) 
9.4 Ὁ > “ὧν a "Sipe. ‘ , τὶ 
οὐδ᾽ ἔστιν αὐτῷ τησδ᾽ ἀποστροφὴ τύχης ; 
IPOMUOETS. 
> = ᾿ Ὕ 3 n» 2 stud 7 
ov δῆτα, πρὶν ἔγωγ᾽ ἂν ἐκ δεσμῶν AvOeis,— 770 
It. 
tis οὖν ὃ λύσων σ᾽ ἐστὶν ἄκοντος Διός ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
τῶν σῶν τιν᾽ αὐτὸν ἐχγόνων εἶναι χρεών. 
IN. 
πῶς εἶπας ; ἦ ᾿μὸς παῖς σ᾽ ἀπαλλάξει κακῶν ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ. 
, , \ ae, ὧν ~ 
τρίτος γε γένναν πρὸς δέκ᾽ ἄλλαισιν yovais. 
In. 
90’ οὐκ ἔτ᾽ εὐξύμδλητος ἡ χρησμῳδία. 77% 
MPOMHOETS. 
‘ » set > ~ 7 4 
καὶ μηδὲ σαυτῆς ἐκμαθεῖν ζήτει πόνους. 
In. 
, 7 r φΦ- 9 9 la 
μή μοι προτείνων κέρδος εἶτ᾽ ἀποστέρει. 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ AEZMATHS. 


IPOMHOETS. 
δυοῖν λόγοιν σε ϑατέρῳ δωρήσομαι. 
IN. 

ποίοιν πρόδειξον, αἵρεσίν τ᾽ ἐμοὶ δίδου. 

UPOMHOETS. 
δίδωμ᾽ - ἑλοῦ γὰρ, ἢ πόνων ta λοιπά σοι 
φράσω σαφηνῶς, ἢ τὸν ἐκλύσοντ᾽ ἐμέ. 

ΧΟΡΟΣ. 

τούτων Gv τὴν μὲν τῇδε, τὴν δ᾽ ἐμοὶ χάριν 
ϑέσθαι ϑέλησον, μηδ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς λόγους " 
καὶ τῇδε μὲν γέγωνε τὴν λοιπὴν πλάνην, 
ἐμοὲ δὲ τὸν λύσοντα " τοῦτο γὰρ ποθῶ. 

‘I POMHOETS. 
ἐπεὶ προθυμεῖσθ᾽, οὐκ ἐναντιώσομαι 
τὸ μὴ οὐ γεγωνεῖν πᾶν ὅσον προσχρήζετε. 
σοὶ πρῶτον, Loi, πολύδονον πλάνην φράσω, 
ἣν ἐγγράφου ov μνήμοσιν δέλτοις φρενῶν. 
ὅταν περάσῃς δεῖθρον ἠπείρων ὅρον, 
προς ἀντολὰς φλογῶώπας ἡλιοστιθεῖς * * * 
πόντου περῶσα φλοῖσθον, ἔς τ᾽ av ἐξίκῃ 
πρὸς Τοργόνεια πεδία Κισθήνης. ἵνα 
αἱ Φορκίδες ναίουσι δηναιαὶ κόραι 
τρεῖς κυκνόμορφοι, κοινὸν ὄμμ᾽ ἐκτημέναι, 
μονόδοντες, ἃς οὔθ᾽ ἥλιος προσδέρκεται 
ἀκτῖσιν οὔθ᾽ ἡ νύκτερος μήνη ποτέ. 
πέλας δ᾽ ἀδελφαὶ τῶνδε τρεῖς κατάπτεροι, 
δρακοντόμαλλοι ΤΠ οργόνες βροτοστυγεῖς, 
ἃς ϑνητὸς οὐδεὶς εἰσιδὼν ἕξει πνοάς " 
τοιοῦτο μέν σοι τοῦτο φρούριον λέγω. 

4 


37 


780 


780 


790 


3g ὦ AIZXYAOYL 


ἄλλην δ᾽ ἄκουσον δυσχερὴ ϑεωρίαν " 
ὀξυστόμους γὰρ Ζηνὸς ἀκραγεῖς κύνας 
γρῦπας φύλαξαι, τόν τε μουνῶπα στρατὸν 
᾿“ριμασπὸν innobduov’, ot χρυσόῤῥυτον 
οἰκοῦσιν ἀμφὶ νᾶμα Πλούτωνος πόρου " 
τούτοις σὺ μὴ πέλαζε. τηλουρὸν δὲ γῆν 
“ x ~ a 4 £957 

ἥξεις κελαινὸν φὕλον, οἵ πρὸς ἡλίου 
ναίουσι πηγαῖς, ἔνθα ποταμὸς “ἰθίοψ. 

, >» “ ς ¢ Nr 
τούτου παρ᾽ ὄχθας Eo’, ἕως ἂν ἐξίκῃ 
καταθδασμὸν, ἔνθα Βυδλίνων ὁρῶν amo 
ἵησι σεπτὸν Νεῖλος εὔποτον ῥέος. 

me τὰ 9 far x ΄ > , 
οὗτός σ᾽ ὁδώσει τὴν τρίγωνον ἐς χθόνα 
Neha, οὗ δὴ τὴν μακρὸν ἀποικίαν, 
"Lot, πέπρωται cot τε καὶ τέκνοις κτίσαι. 
τῶν δ᾽ εἴ τί σοι ψελλόν τε καὶ δυσεύρετον, 
> 7 - x od > , 
ἑπαναδίπλαζε, καὶ σαφῶς exuavOave > 
σχολὴ δὲ πλείων ἢ ϑέλω πάρεστί μοι. 

ΧΟΡΟΣ. 

Fae g - . Ἃ , 
él μὲν τι τῇδε λοιπὸν ἢ παρειμένον 
ἔχεις γεγωνεῖν τῆς πολυφθόρου πλάνης, 
λέγ᾽" εἰ δὲ πάντ᾽ εἴρηκας, ἡμῖν αὖ χάριν 
δὸς ἥντιν᾽ αἰτούμεσθα, μέμνησαι δέ που. 

᾿ς ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
τὸ πᾶν πορείας ἥδε τέρμ᾽ ἀκήκοεν. 
ὅπως δ᾽ ἂν εἰδῃ μὴ μάτην κλύουσά μου, 
ἃ πρὶν μολεῖν δεῦρ᾽ ἐχμεμόχθηκεν φράσω, 
τεχμήριον τοῦτ᾽ αὐτὸ δοὺς μύθων ἐμῶν. 


ΣΙ ὃν . 
ὄχλον μὲν οὖν τὸν πλεῖστον ἐκλείψω λόγων, 


x 3 « 9 > ’ ~ 7 
προς AUTO δ᾽ εἶμι τέρμα σῶν πλανημάτων. 


805 


810 


TPOMHOETS 4EZMATAL.Y 


ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἦλθες πρὸς Μολοσσὰ γάπεδα, 
τὴν αἰπύνωτόν τ᾽ ἀμφὶ Aadarny, ἵνα 
μαντεῖα Paxds τ᾽ ἐσιὶὲ Θεσπρωτοῦ Atos, 
τέρας τ᾽ ἄπιστον, ai προσήγοροι δρύες, 
vp’ ὧν ov λαμπρῶς κοὐδὲν αἰνικτηρίως 
[4 c ‘ ‘ 4 
προσηγορεύθης ἡ Atos κλεινὴ δάμαρ 
μέλλουσ᾽ ἔσεσθ᾽, εἰ τῶνδε προσσαίνει σέ τι, - 88 
ἐντεῦθεν οἰστρήσασα τὴν παρακτίαν 
κέλευθον ἦξας πρὸς μέγαν κόλπον “Ῥέας, 
Pe δὴ , , , 
ap’ ov παλιμπλάχγκτοισι χειμάζει δρόμοις " 
χρόνον δὲ τὸν μέλλοντα πόντιος μυχὸς, 
σαφῶς ἐπίστασ᾽, ᾿]όνιος κεκλήσεται, 840 
τῆς σῆς πορείας μνῆμα τοῖς πᾶσιν βροτοῖς. 
σημεῖά σοι τάδ᾽ ἐστὶ τῆς ἐμῆς φρενὸς, 
ὡς δέρκεται πλέον τι τοῦ πεφασμένου. 
τὰ λοιπὰ δ᾽ ὑμῖν τῇδέ τ᾽ ἐς κοινὸν φράσω, 
ἐς ταυτὸν ἐλθῶν τῶν πάλαι λόγων ἔχνος. 84 
» ’ ΄ 2 ’ x 
ἔστιν πόλις Κάνωθος ἐσχάτη χθονος, 
rT? a > - , ‘ 7 s 
Νείλου πρὸς αὐτῷ στόματι καὶ προσχώματι 
2 = ’ ‘ 7 μ᾿ 
ἐνταῦθα δή σε Ζεὺς τίϑησιν ἔμφρονα, 
ἐπαφῶν ἀταρθεῖ χειρὶ καὶ ϑιγῶν μόνον. 
> , ‘ ~ Ν , 
ἐπώνυμον δὲ τῶν Ζιὸς γεννημάτων 860 
, ὌΡΝΕΙΣ a. - ‘A 
τέξεις κελαινὸν παφον" ὃς καρπώσεται 
ὅσην πλατύῤῥους Νεῖλος ἀρδεύει χθόνα" 
πέμπτη δ᾽ ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ γέννα πεντηκοντάπαις 
πάλιν πρὸς "4ργος οὐχ ἑκοῦσ᾽ ἐλεύσεται 
ϑηλύσπορος, φεύγουσα συγγενῆ γάμον Βδὺ 
ἀνεψιῶν - οἱ δ᾽ ἐπτοημένοι φρένας, 


κίρκοι πελειῶν οὐ μακρῶν λελειμμένοι, 


OD 
je 
oO 


40 AreaiwilAOT 


ἥξουσι ϑηρεύσοντες οὐ ϑηρασίμους 
“4 i ‘ U4 σ΄. / 
γάμους, φθόνον δὲ σωμάτων ἕξει Feos " 
_ ’ ‘ ff / 
Πελασγία δὲ δέξεται, ϑηλυχτόνῳ 
2: ’ / / 
Aoe δαιμέντων νυκτιφρουρήτῳ Peace 
γυνὴ yao ἄνδρ᾽ ἕκαστον αἰῶνος στερεῖ, 
δίθηκτον ἐν σφαγαῖσι βάψασα ξίφος" 
τοιάδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἐχθροὺς τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἔλθοι Κύπρις. 
7 ‘ 7 σ , > | ἢ, 
μίαν δὲ παίδων ἵμερος ϑέλξει τὸ μὴ 
κτεῖναι ξύνευνον, ἀλλ᾽ ἀπαμθλυνθήσεται 
γνώμην" δυοῖν δὲ ϑάτερον βουλήσεται, 
κλύειν ἄναλκις μᾶλλον ἢ μιαιφόνος " 
πων» 9 9] x r r 
αὕτη κατ᾽ ~ doyos βασιλικὸν τέξει γένος. 
“Ὁ ~ a > ~ ἂν 
μακροῦ λόγου δεῖ ταῦτ᾽ ἐπεξελθεῖν τορῶς. 
σπορᾶς ve μὴν ἐκ τῆσδε φύσεται ϑρασὺς 
τόξοισι κλεινὸς, ὃς πόνων ἐκ τῶνδ᾽ ἐμὲ 
λύσει. τοιόνδε γρησμὸν ἣ παλαιγενὴς 
μήτηρ ἐμοὶ διῆλθε Titavis Θέμις" 
ὅπως δὲ χὥπη, ταῦτα δεῖ μακροῦ χρόνου 
εἰπεῖν, σύ τ᾽ οὐδὲν ἐκμαθοῦσα κερδανεῖς. 
Σά: 
ἐλελεῦ ἐλελεῦ, ὑπό μ᾽ αὖ σφάκελος 
καὶ φρενοπληγεῖς μανίαι ϑάλπουσ᾽, 
οἴστρου δ᾽ ἄρδις χρίει μ᾽ ἄπυρος " 
’ ‘ , l4 , 
χραδία δὲ pobo φρένα λακτίζει. 
τροχοδινεῖται δ᾽ ὄμμαθ᾽ ἑλίγδην, 
ἔξω δὲ δρόμου φέρομαι λύσσης 
πνεύματι μάργῳ, γλώσσης ἀκρατής. 
ϑολεροὶ δὲ λόγοι παίουσ᾽ εἰκῇ . 
στυγνῆς πρὸς κύμασιν ἄτης. 


800 


865 


880 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AZEZMATHSZ.AI 


ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ἦ σοφὰς ἢ σοφὸς ὃς 
πρῶτος ἐν γνώμᾳ τόδ᾽ ἐδάστασε καὶ γλώσσᾳ διε- 
μυθολόγησεν, 
ὡς τὸ κηδεῦσαι καθ᾽ ἑαυτὸν ἀριστεύει μακρῷ" 890 
καὶ μήτε τῶν πλούτῳ διαθρυπτομένων 
μήτε τῶν γέννᾳ μεγαλυνομένων 
ὄντα χερνήταν ἐραστεῦσαι γάμων. 
μήποτε μήποτέ μι", ὦ 
* * * Μοῖραι λεχέων Διὸς εὐνάτειραν ἴδοισθε 
πέλουσαν * 895 
μηδὲ πλαθείην γαμέτᾳ τινὲ τῶν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ. 
ταρθῶ γὰρ ἀστεργάνορα παρθενίαν 
εἰσορῶσ᾽ ᾿ΪΙοῦς μέγα δαπτομέναν 
δυσπλάνοις “ρας ἀλατείαις πόνων. 900 
éuot δ᾽ ὅτι μὲν ὁμαλὸς ὃ γάμος, 
a&pobos, ov δέδια, μὴ δὲ κρεισσόνων ϑεῶν 
ἔρως ἄφυκτον ὄμμα προσδράκοι με. 
ἀπόλεμος ὅδε.γ᾽ ὁ πόλεμος, ἄπορα 
πόριμος * οὐδ᾽ ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν. 905 
τῶν Διὸς γὰρ οὐχ ὁρῶ ᾿ 
μῆτιν ὅπα φύγοιμ᾽ ἄν. 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ἦ μὴν ἔτι Ζεὺς, καίπερ αὐθάδης φρενῶν, 
ἔσται ταπεινὸς, οἷον ἐξαρτύεται 
γάμον γαμεῖν - ὃς αὐτὸν ἐκ τυραννίδος 
ϑρόνων τ᾽ ἄϊστον ἐχθαλεῖ' πατρὸς δ᾽ ἀρὰ 910 
Κρόνου τότ᾽ ἤδη παντελῶς κρανθήσεται, 
887 — 893. = 894 — 900. 
4* 


42 ATEXTAOT 


a > ye! 3 nt ᾿ ws / 
ἣν ἐκπιτνῶν ἠρᾶτο δηναιῶν ϑρόνων. 
kt , > ‘ > ‘ ~ 

τοιῶνδε μόχθων ἐχτροπὴν οὐδεὶς Feav - 
δύναιτ᾽ ἂν αὐτῷ πλὴν ἐμοῦ δεῖξαι capas. 
> Ν FQ? v Ξ᾿5 / x ~ ~ 
ἐγὼ τάδ᾽ οἶδα YO τρόπῳ. πρὸς ταῦτα νῦν 
᾿ϑαρσῶν καθήσθω τοῖς πεδαρσίοις κτύποις 
πιστὸς, τινάσσων χερσὶ πυρπνόον βέλος. 
οὐδὲν γὰρ αὐτῷ ταῦτ᾽ ἐπαρκέσει τὸ μὴ οὐ 
πεσεῖν ἀτίμως πτώματ᾽ οὐκ ἀνασχετά" 
τοῖον παλαιστὴν νῦν παρασκευάζεται 
ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸς αὑτῷ, δυσμαχώτατον τέρας" 

ὃς On κεραυνοῦ κρείσσον᾽ εὑρήσει φλόγα, 


βροντῆς ϑ᾽ ὑπερδάλλοντα καρτερὸν κτύπον " 


ϑαλασσίαν τε γῆς τινάκτειραν νόσον 
τρίαιναν, αἰχμὴν τὴν Ποσειδῶνος, σκεδᾷ. 
πταίσας δὲ τῷδε πρὸς κακῷ, μαθήσεται 
ὅσον τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ov Inv ἃ χρήζεις, ταῦτ᾽ ἐπιγλωσσᾷ Ads. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ἅπερ τελεῖται, πρὸς δ᾽ ἃ βούλομαι λέγω. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
καὶ προσδοκᾶν χρὴ δεσπόσειν Ζηνὸς τινά ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
καὶ τῶνδέ γ᾽ ἕξει δυσλοφωτέρους πόνους. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
πῶς δ᾽ οὐχὶ ταρδεῖς τοιάδ᾽ ἐκρίπτων ἔπη ; 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
τί δ᾽ ἂν φοδοίμην, ᾧ ϑανεῖν οὐ μόρσιμον ; 


915 


920 


920 


930 


"lee oper wi 


HPOMHOETZ AZEZMATH.2, 43 


ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ἀλλ᾽ ἄθλον ἄν σοι τοῦδέ γ᾽ ἀλγίω πόροι. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 
δ “ὁ «' ΄, , a 
ὃ δ᾽ οὖν ποιείτω" πάντα προσδοκητά μοι. 
ΧΟΡΌΣ. ᾿ 
οἱ προσκυνοῦντες τὴν Adodotetay σοφοί. 
*  WPOMHOETS. 

[4 , ~. Ts bed $352 
σέθου, προσεύχου, ϑῶπτε τὸν κρατοῦντ᾽ ἀεί. 
ἐμοὶ δ᾽ ἔλασσον Ζηνὸς ἢ μηδὲν μέλει. 
δράτω, κρατείτω τόνδε τὸν βραχὺν γρόνον, 
c , x \ > 2 ow 
ὅπως ϑέλει - δαρὸν γορ οὐκ ἄρξει ϑεοῖς. 
> 9 > > . 4 Ἁ Ἅ , 
ἀλλ᾽ εἰσορῶ γὰρ τόνδε tov Atos τρόχιν, 
τὸν τοῦ τυράννου τοῦ νέου διάκονον " 

, x > need > , 
πάντως τι καινὸν ἀγγελῶν ἐλήλυθε. 

ἙΡΜΗΣ. 
σὲ τὸν σοφιστὴν, τὸν πικρῶς ὑπέρπικρον, 
τὸν ἐξαμαρτόντ᾽ εἰς ϑεοὺς ἐφημέροις 
πορόντα τιμεὶς, τὸν πυρὸς κλέπτην λέγω" 
πατὴρ ἄνωγέ σ᾽ οὕστινας κομπεῖς γάμους 
αὐδᾶν, πρὸς ὧν τ᾽ ἐκεῖνος ἐκπίπτει κράτους " 
καὶ ταῦτα μέντοι μηδὲν αἰνικτηρίως, 
ἀλλ᾽ αὔθ᾽ ἕκαστ᾽ ἔκφραζε: μηδέ μοι διπλᾶς 
ddovs, Προμηθεῦ, προσθάλῃς - ὁρᾷς δ᾽ ὅτι 
Ζεὺς τοῖς τοιούτοις ovyi μαλθακίζεται. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΥ͂Σ. 

σεμνόστομός γε καὶ φρονήματος πλέως 
ὃ μῦθός ἐστιν, ὡς ϑεῶν ὑπηρέτου. 
νέον νέοι χρατεῖτε καὶ δοκεῖτε διὴ 

΄ 3 AW F 9 Soe i ee ας 
ναίειν amevOn πέργαμ᾽" οὔκ ex τῶνδ᾽ ἐγῶ 


41 AIZXYTAOY 


δισσοὺς τυράννους ἐκπεσόντας ῃσθόμην ; 
τρίτον δὲ τὸν νῦν κοιρανοῦντ᾽ ἐπόψομαι 
αἴσχιστα καὶ τάχιστα. μή τί σοι δοκῶ 
ταρθεῖν ὑποπτήσσειν τε τους νέους ϑεούς ; 960 
πολλοῦ γε καὶ TOV παντὸς ἐλλείπω. ov δὲ 
κέλευθον ἥνπερ ἦλθες ἐγκόνει πάλιν" 
, 4 Ia > er oe 
MEVOEL γὰρ οὐδὲν ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς ἐμέ. 
ἙΡΜΗΣ. 
τοιοῖσδε μέντοι καὶ πρὶν αὐθαδίσμασιν 
ἐς τάσδε σαυτὸν πημονὰς καθώρμισας. 965 
IPOMUOETS. 
led ἂν 7 \ > Ν ,’ 
τὴς ONS λατρείας τὴν ἐμὴν δυσπραξίαν, 
σαφῶς ἐπίστασ᾽, οὐκ ἂν ἀλλάξαιμ᾽ ἐγώ. 
κρεῖσσον yoo οἶμαι τῇδε λατρεύειν πέτρᾳ 
ἢ πατρὲ φῦναι Zyve πιστὸν ἄγγελον. 
οὕτως ὑθρίζειν τοὺς ὑθρίζοντας χρεών. 970 
ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 
χλιδᾶν ξοικας τοῖς παροῦσι πράγμασι. 
ΠΡΟΜΠΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
χλιδῶ ; χλιδῶντας ὧδε τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἐγὼ 
ἐχθροὺς ἴδοιμι" καὶ σὲ δ᾽ ἐν τούτοις λέγω. 
ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 
ti ΩΣ ’ ~ > ~ 
ἢ κάμε γαρ τι ξυμφοραῖς éxarte ; 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ. 
ἁπλῷ λόγῳ τοὺς πάντας ἐχθαίρω Feovs, 975 
‘oe παθόντες εὖ xaxovol μ᾽ ἐκδίκως. 
ἙΡΜΗΣ.. 
, Eee Seo γι 54. 5 ᾿ , 
κλύω σ᾽ ἐγὼ μεμηνότ᾽ OV σμικρὰν νόσον 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΣ AEXSMRTHS. 45 


IPOMHOETS. 
νοσοῖμ᾽ ἄν, εἰ νόσημα τους ἐχθροὺς στυγεῖν. 
ΕΡΜΗΣ. 
εἴης φορητὸς οὐκ ay, εἰ πράσσοις καλῶς. 
HPOMHOETS. 
ὦμοι. 
' ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 
τόδε Ζευς τοὔπος οὐκ ἐπίσταται. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
ἀλλ᾽ ἐκδιδάσκει πάνθ᾽ ὃ γηράσκων χρόνος. 
ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 
‘ x , 4 3» ~ Ee δ 
καὶ μὴν ov γ᾽ οὕπω σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι. 
IPOM HOETS. 
σὲ γὰρ προσηύδων οὐκ ἂν ὄνθ᾽ ὑπηρέτην. 
ἙΡΜΗΣ. 
> ~ 3, gs / , 
ἐρεῖν ἔοικας οὐδὲν ὧν χρήζει πατήρ. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘ ΕΥ͂Σ. 
\ » 3 iA 9 4 7 9 b aed / 
καὶ μὴν ὀφείλων γ᾽ ἂν τίνοιμ᾽ αὐτῷ χάριν. 
ἙΡΜΗΣ. 
ἐχερτόμησας δῆθεν ὡς παῖδ᾽ ὄντα με. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΈΕΥ͂Σ. 
οὐ γὰρ σὺ παῖς τε κἄτι τοῦδ᾽ ἀνούστερος, 
ei προσδοκᾷς ἐμοῦ τι πευσεῖσθαι πάρα; 
οὐκ ἔστιν αἴκισμ᾽ οὐδὲ μηχάνημ᾽, ὅτῳ 
προτρέψεταί με Zevs γεγωνῆσαι τάδε, 
πρὶν ἂν χαλασθῇ δεσμὰ λυμαντήρια. 
πρὸς ταῦτα διπτέσθω μὲν αἰθαλοῦσσα φλὸξ, 
, ‘ Ud ‘ ’ 
λευκοπτέρῳ δὲ νιφάδι καὶ βροντήμασι 
, 7 \ 
χθονίοις κυκάτω πάντα καὶ ταρασσέτω * 


46 AIZXTAOT 


γνάμψει γὰρ οὐδὲν τῶνδέ μ᾽ ὥστε καὶ φράσαι 995 


πρὸς οὗ χρεών νιν ἐχπεσεῖν τυραννίδος. 
ἙΡΜΗΣ. 

ὅρα νυν εἴ σοι ταῦτ᾽ ἀρωγὰ φαίνεται. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 

ὦπται πάλαι δὴ καὶ βεδούλευται τάδε. 
ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 

τόλμησον, ὦ μάταιε, τόλμησόν ποτε 

πρὸς τὰς παρούσας πημονὰς ὀρθῶς φρονεῖν. 

ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 

ὀχλεῖς μάτην με, κῦμ᾽ ὅπως. παρηγορῶν. 

εἰσελθέτω σε μήποθ᾽, ws ἐγὼ Διὸς 

γνώμην φοθηθεὶς ϑηλύνους γενήσομαι, 

καὶ λιπαρήσω τὸν μέγα στυγούμενον ᾿ 

γυναικομίμοις ὑπτιάσμασιν χερῶν 

λῦσαΐ με δεσμῶν τῶνδε: τοῦ παντὸς δέω. 
ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 

λέγων ἔοικα πολλὰ καὶ μάτην ἐρεῖν" 

τέγγει γὰρ οὐδὲν οὐδὲ μαλθάσσει κέαρ 

λιταῖς - δακῶν δὲ στόμιον, as νεοζυγὴς 

πῶλος, βιάζει καὶ πρὸς ἡνίας μάχει. 

ἀτὰρ σφοδρύνει γ᾽ ἀσθενεῖ σοφίσματι. 

αὐθαδία γὰρ τῷ φρονοῦντι μὴ καλῶς 

αὐτὴ καθ᾽ αὑτὴν οὐδενὸς μεῖον σθένει. 

σχέψαι δ᾽, ἐὰν μὴ τοῖς ἐμοῖς πεισθῇς λόγοις, 

οἷός σε χειμῶν καὶ κακῶν τρικυμία 

EEL” ἄφυκτος" πρῶξα μὲν γὰρ oxoida 

φάραγγα βροντῇ καὶ Μεραυνίᾳ φλογὲ 

πατὴρ σπαράξει τήνδε, καὶ κρύψει δέμας 


1009 


1005 


1010 


1015 


HPOMHOETZ AEZMATHS.. 


τὸ σὸν, πετραία δ᾽ ἀγκάλη σε βαστάσει. 
μακρὸν δὲ μῆκος ἐκτελευτήσας χρόνου 
ἄψοῤῥον ἥξεις ἐς φάος" Διὸς δέ τοι 
πτηνὸς κύων δαφοινὸς αἰετὸς λάδρως 
διαρταμήσει σώματος μέγα, δάκος, 
ἄκλητος ἕρπων δαιταλεὺς πανήμερος, 
κελαινόδρωτον δ᾽ ἧπαρ ἐκθοινήσεται. 
τοιοῦδε μόχθου τέρμα μή τι προσδόκα, 
πρὶν ἂν ϑεῶν τις διάδοχος τῶν σῶν πόνων 
φανῇ, ϑελήσῃ τ᾽ εἰς ἀναύγητον μολεῖν 


“Αιδην κνεφαῖά τ᾽ ἀμφὶ Ταρτάρου βάθη. 
πρὸς ταῦτα βούλευν᾽ ὡς ὅδ᾽ οὐ πεπλασμένος 


c ᾽ὔ 2 Ἁ Ἁ 7 > 4 
ὃ κόμπος, ἀλλὰ καὶ λίαν εἰρημένος " 
ψευδηγορεῖν γὰρ οὐκ ἐπίσταται στόμα 
τὸ δῖον, ἀλλὰ πᾶν ἔπος τελεῖ. συ δὲ 
πάπταινε καὶ φρόντιζε, μηδ᾽ αὐθαδίαν 
εὐθδουλίας ἀμείνον᾽ ἡγήσῃ ποτέ. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ς ~ Ν ς oe > 21 ’ 
ἡμῖν μὲν “Eguys οὐκ ἄκαιρα φαίνεται 
λέγειν: ἄνωγε γάρ σε τὴν αὐθαδίαν 
μεθέντ᾽ ἐρευνᾶν τὴν σοφὴν εὐθδουλίαν. 
? Ξ “« x > ‘ > 
πείθου: σοφῷ vag αἰσχρὸν ἐξαμαρτάνειν. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙ͂Σ. 
εἰδότι τοί μοι τάσδ᾽ ἀγγελίας 
ὅδ᾽ ἐθώυξεν, πάσχειν δὲ κακῶς 
> 4 «ς ΒΦ “«“ ? s 3 [4 
ἐχθρὸν ὑπ᾽ ἐχθρών οὐδὲν ἀεικὲς. 
πρὸς ταῦτ᾽ ἐπ᾿ ἐμοὶ διπτέσθω μὲν 
3 , , 2p .% 9 
πυρος ἀμφήκης βόστρυχος, αἰθὴρ ὃ 
ἐρεθιζέσθω 


47 


1090 


1025 


1030 


1085 


1040 


1045 


48 AIZXYAOT 


βροντῇ σφακέλῳ τ᾽ ἀγρίων ἀνέμων " 
χθόνα δ᾽ ἐκ πυθμένων αὐταῖς ῥίζαις 
πνεῦμα κραδαίνοι, 
κῦμα δὲ πόντον τραχεῖ δοθίῳ 
ξυγχώσειεν τῶν τ᾽ οὐρανίων 
ἄστρων διόδους, ἔς τε κελαινὸν 
Τάρταρον ἄρδην ῥίψειε δέμας 
τοὐμὸν ἀνάγκης στεῤῥαῖς δίναις 
πάντως ἐμέ γ᾽ οὐ ϑανατώσει. 
ΕΡΜΗΣ. 
τοιάδε μέντοι τῶν φρενοπλήκτων 
βουλεύματ᾽ ἔπη τ᾽ ἐστὶν ἀκοῦσαι. 
τί γὰρ ἐλλείπει μὴ παραπαΐειν 
ἡ τοῦδε τύχη; τί χαλᾷ μανιῶν; 
ἀλλ᾽ οὖν ὑμεῖς γ᾽ at πημοσύναις 
ξυγκάμνουσαι ταῖς τοῦδε, τόπων 
μετά που χωρεῖτ᾽ ἐκ τῶνδε ϑοῶς" 
μὴ φρένας ὑμῶν ἠλιϑιώσῃ 
βροντῆς μύκημ᾽ ἀτέραμνον. 
ΧΟΡΟΣ. 
ἄλλο τι φώνει καὶ παραμυθοῦ μ᾽ 
6 τι καὶ πείσεις - οὐ γὰρ δή mov 
τοῦτό γε τλητὸν παρέσυρας ἔπος. 
πῶς με κελεύεις καχότητ᾽ ἀσκεῖν ; 
μετὰ τοῦὐδ᾽ ὅ τι χρη πάσχειν ἐθέλω " 
τοὺς προδότας γὰρ μισεῖν ἔμαθον, 
κοὐχ ἔστι νόσος 
1700” ἥντιν᾽ ἀπέπτυσα μᾶλλον. 


1050 


1055 


1060 


1065 


ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ AZEZMATH.. 


ἙΡΜΗ͂Σ. 
ἀλλ᾽ οὖν μέμνησθ᾽ ἅτ᾽ ἐγὼ προλέγω " 
μηδὲ πρὸς ἄτης ϑηραθεῖσαι 

, , r > ὧν 9 
μέμψησθε τύχην, μηδέ ποτ᾽ εἴπηθ 
ς Ν ~ > > 2 
ὡς Ζεὺς ὑμᾶς sis ἀπρόοπτον 
πῆμ᾽ εἰσέθαλεν" 
ME : 
, ams 3 , go ¢ & , 
μὴ dye’, αὐταὶ ὃ UUAS αὕτας. 
~ ‘ > 7 
εἰδυῖαι γὰρ xoux ἐξαίφνης 
οὐδὲ λαθραίως 
εἰς ἀπέραντον δίκτυον ἄτης 
ἐμπλεχθήσεσθ᾽ ὑπ᾽ ἀνοίας. 
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥ͂Σ. 
καὶ μὴν ἔργῳ xovx ἔτι μύθῳ 
θὼν σεσάλευται " 
χ 
’ὔ Ce ‘ - 
βρυχία δ᾽ ἠχῶ παραμυκᾶται 
βροντῆς, ἕλικες δ᾽ ἐκλάμπουσι 
στεροπῆς ζάπυροι, 
στρόμθοι δὲ κόνιν εἵλίσσουσι " 
σκιρτᾷ δ᾽ ἀνέμων πνεύματα πάντων 
εἰς ἄλληλα 
στάσιν ἀνιίπνουν ἀποδεικνύμενα " 
μ 
U ‘ , 
ξυντετάρακται δ᾽ αἰθὴρ πόντῳ. 
τοιάδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ διπη: διόθεν 
τεύχουσα φόθον στείχει φανερῶς. 
ὦ μητρὸς ἐμῆς σέδθας, ὦ πάντων. 
αἰθὴρ κοινὸν φάος εἱλίσσων, 
ἐσορᾷς μ᾽ ὡς ἔκδικα πάσχω. 


5 


49 


1075 


1080 


1085 


1090 


ΓΑ pe ie ee ae νον αὶ πνς “- 


NOTES. 


NOTES. 


’ [Mt. = Matthie’s Gram., 2d edition; and K., Khner’s Middle Gram., Andover 
translation.] 


1.) On the persons of the drama. 

Kratos and Bia both appeared on the stage, but the latter 
was a mute. It is not improbable that an image representing 
Prometheus was fastened to the rocks, or within a fissure of 
rock, behind which an actor was stationed. This play re- 
quires but two actors, one of whom played the parts of 
Kratos, Okeanus, Io, and Hermes, and the other those of 
Hephzstus and Prometheus. Io appeared on the stage prob- 
ably as a female, and yet as βουκερώς. 

2.) On the arguments. — Arg. 1. The lost play of Sopho- 
cles here spoken of must have been called Kolchides from its 
chorus, and have related to the adventures of the Argonauts 
at the palace of /Metes, including the death of Apsyrtus, of 
which he chose to make that the scene. A line from this 
play, still preserved, 

ὑμεῖς μὲν οὐκ ἄρ᾽ ἦστε τὸν ἹΤρομηθέα, 
may have introduced the episode of which the argument 
makes mention. — Arg. ὦ. The inferior age of this writer 
is shown by λέγει ἵνα πείσῃ, with the sense here belonging to 
these words ; by τέξει, more poetic for τέξεται, the usual prose 
form; and by μὴ βουλόμενον, for οὐ βουλόμενον. : 


2. Σκύθην ἐς οἶμον. Σκύθης is used aajectively, here and in 
5 * 


54 PROMETHEUS. 


v. 417, like many other nouns, especially national names. 
οἶμος is rendered tract, region, by Passow. ‘The nearest 
approach to this sense is found in the Homeric use of the 
word to denote the parallel plates of a shield, and in its ap- 
plication to the stripes or zones of which a shield might be 
composed. Schémann therefore understands it of Scythia, 
as the strip or long tract of land stretching across the north- 
ern parts of the world. Or Σκύθης οἶμος, without implying 
the existence of a path, may be regarded as an ornamental 
expression for Scythia, considered as the region where their 
track lay. The word is again used in v. 394. Comp. 281, 
where the air is called the πόρος of birds, i. 6. the place 
through which they pass. ἄβατον. Another reading, 
ἄβροτον, cited by several ancient grammarians, is preferred 
by Blomf. It seems, however, to have less authority than 
the reading of the MSS., and may have sprung from the con- 
jecture of some one, who thought that there was an incon- 
sistency between οἶμον and ἄβατον. 

3. In abrupt addresses, where δὲ and a vocative occur, 
the vocative is put first, and a personal pronoun with δὲ suc 
ceeds. Comp. Mt. § 312. 3.— The order is, χρὴ ἐπιστολὰς 
μέλειν σοί. ἐπιστολὰς answers in sense and derivation to 
mandata, ἐφετμή. 

5. Aewpyos Hesychius defines by κακοῦργος, πανοῦργος; 
ἀνδροφόνος. Xenophon, Mem. I. 3. 9, uses this word with 
θερμουργός, bold, boldly wicked. Herm. compares ῥᾳδιουργός. 

6. ἀδαμαντίνων, of adamant or hard tron. ἀδαμαντόδετος, 
148, 426, means produced by tron bonds. ἀδάμας, first an 
epithet of some metal, came to mean especially hard iron, 
steel, 

7. ἄνθος, that which is ornamental, choice, or honorable, 
ns the flower is to the plant. Here it answers to γέρας, of 
v. 38, and to τιμαὶ as used Alcest. 30, in the sense of a 
choice gift, prerogatives. 

11. στέργειν. ‘This word, like ἀγαπᾶν, often answers to 


NOTES. 55 


acquiesce in, be content with, and so Blomf. takes it here ; 
but the sense to love can be admitted, as φιλανθρώπου needs a 
contrast in the preceding clause. He had loved men; but 
now he must learn to love Jupiter’s government. So Wel- 
lauer and J. Jones in Class. Journ. 17. 31. 

13. οὐδὲν ἐμποδὼν ἔτι, there is nothing before you, or re- 
quiring your attention. ἐμποδὼν means, 1. upon or before 
the feet, present, at hand ; 2. in the way ; which is the most 
common shade of meaning. Blomf. renders it somewhat 
loosely reliquum, but ἔτι contains that idea. 

_14. συγγενῆ denotes nothing more than that both belonged 
to the race of the Gods. 

15. φάραγξ. Blomf. vallis inter montium prerupta, i. 6. ἃ 
cleft, chasm, gorge. But the word, wherever used in this 
play, unless perhaps in v. 142, denotes a cliff or rock 
bordering such a chasm. Otherwise the expressions ὥχμασεν 
ἐν φάραγγι, V. 618, σπαράξει φάραγγα, v. 1017, and δῆσαι πρὸς 
φάραγγι of the present line, would have no sense. 

16. σχεθεῖν Elmsley regards as an aorist (comp. his note 
on Heraclidze 272), and it is here accented as such. The 
sense requires that an aorist infin. expressive of a single 
action or event, and not a present expressive of continued, 
or repeated, or unfinished action, should be used. 

17. ἐξωριάζειν. ‘This word is not elsewhere found. Sev- 
eral critics would substitute εὐωριάξειν, a word of the same 
sense, credited to Sophocles by Hesychius. 

21. φωνήν. ὄψει of the next verse implies dxotce:, — an 
instance of the figure called zeugma. K. § 346. 3. 
rov. Griffiths remarks that only six instances occur in 
fEschylus of this form ἀπά τῷ or τῷ for the longer forms of 
ris and τίς. 

22. σταθευτός, slightly burnt, scorched. σταθεύειν yap, says 
the Schol., τὸ κατ᾽ ὀλίγον ὀπτᾷν. 

27. λωφήσων. It isvery rare that λωφάω is active, as here. 
An instance may be found in Apol. Rhod. 4, 1418. ““ 


56 PROMETHEUS. 


Anye is now and then active, but usually neuter. The Schol. 
on that passage, Suidas, Hesychius, and the Etym. Mag., 
concur in assigning as the original meaning of this verb /o 
remove a burden from the neck, and in deriving it from λόφος. 
If they are right, the metaphor corresponds with the literal 
meaning of ἀχθηδών, burdensomeness. 
Hercules, who was to deliver Prometheus, is not meant by 
Vulcan, as the Gods knew nothing of this event, but the ex- 
pression is general; and the poet chose the language with 
allusion to what should happen. 

28. τοιαῦτ᾽ ἀπηύρω, such good you got. This is the only 


> ’ ’ὕ 
οὐ πέφυκέ πω. 


instance where the forms belonging to ἀπαυράω take the 
meaning appropriate to ἐπαυρίσκομαι, I enjoy, reap advantage. 
Elmsley would therefore read émnipov. Buttmann (Lexi. 
No. 22) thinks, that, as ἀπαυράω in the active means take 
from, a middie form, like the one in question, may mean 
take to one’s self from, gain, enjoy. This remark defends 
the vulgar reading. 

39. rot is used here, as it often is, to introduce a received 
truth or locus communis. It answers to you know. 
δεινόν, powerful in its influence on the feelings, a strong bond. 
Comp. Electr. 770. 

41. δειμαίνεις alludes to δεινόν, v. 39. Griffiths. 

45. χειρωναξία, handicraft, a word used only by Aschylus, 
from χειρώναξ, workmaster. 

46. ὡς ἁπλῷ λόγῳ, SC. εἰπεῖν, to speak in a simple or open- 
hearted word, i. e. to tell the simple truth. 

49. The reading of the MSS. here, ἅπαντ᾽ ἐπράχθη, is of 
difficult explanation, as may be seen by reading the twisted 
interpretations of the Scholiasts. Schiitz renders the pass- 
age “omnia diis sunt acquisita preterquam imperare ” 
Scholefield, “omnia diis feri solent, i. e. possunt,” x. τ. λ. 
But the ‘position of πλὴν requires that θεοῖσι be taken with 
ἦ «οιρανεῖγ. “The words may be rendered, “Ἅ you acquired (i. e. 
τῶ new regime) every thing but dominion over the 


NOTES. . 


Gods; and no one has this (is free, supreme), except Jupi- 
ter. Your lot, therefore, is not so bad.” But the sense 
elicited from these words is so oracular at the best, that in this 
third edition I have followed Stanley’s elegant conjecture ap- 
proved by Hermann and received by Blomf. and by Scho- 
mann; which accords exccedingly well with the next line, © 
and with the character of the speaker; all things are oner- 
ous but to reign over the Gods ; for no one ἐδ free save Jove: 
i. e. there is toil in-every condition except that of the su- 
preme ruler. 

55. νιν = αὐτά, referring to ψάλια, which properly denotes 
curb-chain to a bit, but here arm-chain, handcuff, and seems 
to be cognate with ψελλιον, bracelet. 

57. para Blomf. and Well. render with a Schol. by cunc- 
tor. Hesychius para, διατρίβει, χρονίζει. But the interpreta- 
tion of another Schol., od μάτην γίγνεται, has accomplished its 
purpose, is good. This word has the first sense in Sept. ad 
Theb. 37, and the second in Eumenid. 142. 

62. μάθῃ dv, may learn that he is; but μάθῃ εἶναι, may 
learn to be, how to be. K.§ 311. Comp. 1068. σοφι- 
στὴς = τεχνίτης. The Scholia Veneta on Il. xv. 410, cited 
by Blomf., say, of παλαιοὶ (τοὺς τεχνίτας) σοφιστὰς ἐκάλουν. 

68. ὅπως. ὅρα or σκόπει is to be supplied before the con- 
junction. Comp. Mt. § 519.7; K. § 330. 6, R. 4. 

76. διατόρους Schiitz renders perforatas, i. 6. having holes 
in them, through which the nails that entered the rock were 
driven. But the active meaning, piercing (i. e. piercing 
the rocks), is far to be preferred. Comp. 181, where fear 
is called d:aropos. 

77. ὁ ἐπιτιμητής, the censurer, or censor. 

81. ἀμφίβληστρον is any thing thrown around, as clothing, 
a net ; here, chain-work. —On this word κώλοισιν depends. 

86, 87. προμηθέως, of a man of foresight or forethought. 
Esch. uses the word as an adj., Suppl. 681 (700), where it 
means having foresight or forethought, provident. 


58 ᾿ς PROMETHEUS. 


δεῖ, δεῖ takes a dative or accusative of a person, but more 
commonly the first. K. § 279. 4, R. 4. ὅτῳ follows 
προμηθέως. The construction is, You have need of a man 
able to devise in what way. τύχης is the common read- 
ing of the edd. instead of τέχνης, which latter, as the more 
exquisite reading and supported by a number of MSS., Blomf. 
and Well. justly prefer. τέχνη here, like our word contriv- 
ance, means the thing contrived, the skilfully fastened chains. 
Comp. μηχανή, art, contrivance, and machine. 

90. yeAacpa. Where the Greeks used this metaphor in 
relation to the waves, the sea, or the shore, they usually de- 
noted by it something heard, viz. the gentle dash of waves 
in a calm, e. g. upon the shore; a sound resembling Jaugh- 
ter in itself, and associated in thought with a glad state of 
mind. Comp. the farrago of examples in Blomfield’s gloss. 
But sometimes, as here, it seems to be spoken of something 
seen, viz. of the sunlight reflected from the ripple of water, 
like smile and laugh in English poetry ; as in Hom. Hym. 
in Cer. 14, γαῖά re πᾶσ᾽ ἐγέλασσε καὶ ἁλμυρὸν οἶδμα θαλάσσης, 
where the joyous bright look of sea, as well as earth, must 
be meant. 

91. The construction changes in this line. καὶ σέ, ὦ 
πανόπτα ἡλίου κύκλος, καλῶ, Would resemble the form of the 
preceding clauses. 

94. The article is not used with reference to his destined 
term of suffering, but because χρόνος, like monadic appella- 
tives, sometimes takes the article. Comp. τὸν μακρὸν χρόνον, 
449, Soph. Cid. Col. 8 ; τὸν αἰανῆ χρόνον, Furies 542 (572) ; 
5 μυρίος χρόνος, Soph. Cid. Col. 618; ἐς τοσόνδε τοῦ χρόνου, 
Soph. Electr. 961. The like is true of Bios with the epithets 
μακρός, μακραίων, etc., Soph. CEd. Rex 381, 518, and in 
Soph. Electr. 822, τοῦ βίου δ᾽ οὐδεὶς πόθος, where τοῦ βίου is 
not of my life, but of life. pupter is used indefinitely to 
denote a very long time. Comp. v. 774, where it becomes 
thirteen generations. 


NOTES: 59 


99. πῇ depends on στενάχω, as on δέδια, 182, and the clause 
which it begins is epexegetical of τὸ ἐπερχόμενον πῆμα. 
ἐπιτεῖλαι, to arise, appear, = dvareika. Hesiod (Op. et 
Dies 384, 565) uses it in the middle, of the rising of the sun 
and planets. 

102. σκεθρῶς, probably from ἔχω, σχεθεῖν, in the sensé of 
holding on to, = closely, accurately. 

109: According to Hesiod (Op. et: Dies 52), Promethe:is 
stole fire in the hollow stalk of the narthex (or ferula), a 
tall, umbelliferous plant, used by the worshippers of Bacchus 
for staves, the dry pith of which kindled easily. The fable 
in this particular selected a plant used for conveying fire 
from one neighbour to another, and which is still so employed 
in Cyprus, under the name of νάρθηκα. (Walpole’s Memoirs, 
284, in Welcker’s Trilogie, 8.) 

110. κλοπαίαν does not qualify πηγὴν directly, but denotes 
the manner in which the action of θηρῶμαι was perform- 


ed ; = κλοπῇ, λάθρα. 

112. τοιάσδε. .Some MSS. have an easier reading τοιῶνδε, 
whicn Brunck and Schiitz prefer, because the crime had just 
been spoken of. But such a penalty =a penalty on such 
grounds. 

115. ὀδμά. The poets taught that an ambrosial sil 
exhaled from the persons and vestments of the Gods, arising 
from the fragrant ointments with which they were conceived 
to anoint themselves after the manner of men. See Iliad 
xiv. 172. ἀφεγγής, invisible, obscure. See vy. 124, note. 

116. κεκραμένη. The Schol. and Schiitz take this to mean 
pertaining to a demigod, whose nature is human and di- 
vine mingled. Others, pertaining to gods and men both. 
This is preferable, since the epithet is used, not of perscis 
but of an odor and a sound. 

117. The subject of ἵκετο is implied in the two preceding 
lines. τερμόνιον, on the borders of the earth. 

121. δι ἀπεχθείας ἐλθόνθ᾽ = ἐν ἀπεχθείᾳ ὄντα. Comp. Alcest 
874. . : . 


oe PROMETIIEUS. 


124. φεῦ expresses wonder here. —v. 115 and this place 
show that the Chorus were not seen during their approach 
by Prometheus, and perhaps they came in their car from 
behind. Τὸ the spectator they — suspended in the air, 
down to ν. 279. 

128. φιλία is not an epithet of τάξις, but answers to an 
adverb in English, = φιλίως. This band came a friendly 
one, 1. 6. with kind intent. 

134. θεμερῶπιν, staid-faced, grave-faced, from θεμερός, 
set, staid, composed. ‘This word is found in a fragment of 
the Sicilian comic poet, Epicharmus. Hesychius defines 
θεμερὴ by βεβαία, σεμνή, εὐσταθήῆς. The root is (θέω) τίθημι. 

135. ἀπέδιλος, sc. owing to their hurry. The ancients put 
on sandals or slippers when they went out of the house, but 
were commonly unshod within. 

137. wodvréxvov. Hesiod (Theog. 364) gives three thou- 
sand daughters, and as many sons (personified rivers, prod- 
ucts of earth and sea), to Oceanus and Tethys. 

139. The early Greeks conceived of the earth as land 
surrounded by water flowing in a perpetual current. Hence 
Ocean is called a river by Homer, Iliad xviii. 607, and is 
next to the rim of the shield of Achilles. Herodotus (4. 36) 
alludes to this opinion, to discard it. The God and the 
stream are here blended. In vy. 284 and 300 the God is 
conceived of as coming from the Ocean-stream lying at a 
great distance to the place where Prometheus is bound, 
near the northern sea. “Comp. v. 581, where the Chorus 
speaks of sacrifices offered upon the shores of this stream. 

144. φοβερά, ex horrore coorta ; Wellauer. Rather, fear- 
ful, timorous. The quality is applied to the tears, instead 
of the person whose fear caused them. 

145. εἰσιδούσᾳ by a constructio ad sensum is referred te 
ἐμοὶ contained in ἐμοῖσιν ὄσσοις. 

147. ταῖς --- λύμαις, in these (ταῖς is demonstrative) indig. 
sities of iron bonds, in these injurious chains of. iron. 


NOTES, 61 


150. ἀθέτως. Schol. ἀνόμως, arbitrarily. 

151. A Schol. SayS, πελώρια λέγει καὶ Τιτᾶνας καὶ νόμους 
αὐτῶν. τὰ πριν πελώριας what were heretofore great or mighty. 

153. Tartarus was conceived of as an immense chasm 
below Hades, or as. the lower part of that, the whole of 
which was called Hades. —dmépavros, non transeundus ; 
Blomf. impenetrabilis, ex quo exire non licet ; Wellauer. 
Unlimited, Passow’s Lex. 

156, 157. ὡς --- ἐπεγήθει, in order that we one) might 
have rejoiced. See vv. 749, 750. 

160. ὅτῳ = ὥστε airg. Comp. Alcest. 194; Antig. 220. 

163. τιθέμενος, a conjectural reading for θέμενος, approved 
by Hermann and Schiitz, and also by Elmsley (who remarks 
that det is rarely found with the aorist particip.), brings the 
line into measure with v. 182. Porson changed this. latter 
line, and with as much, if not more reason, reading δέδια δ᾽, for 
δέδια γάρ. τιθέμενος ἄγναμπτον = rendering, making inflexible. 

167. Comp. vv. 762 seq., 908 seq. 

169. πρύτανις, chief, head. So Supplices 366 (371). 
From πρό. This word was retained in this sense by some 
Greek states, to denote their chief magistrates.:. at Athens it 
meant the sitting committee of the Council. 

170. τὸ νέον βούλευμα. Not the plot of another, but his own 
plan of action, referring to his marriage. Comp. vv. 762, 
764. 

184, dxixnra, not to be reached by prayer, inexorable. 

186, 187. τὸ δίκαιον παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ ἔχων, keeping justice by him- 
self, or within his own power.. Comp. our phrase to take the 
law into one’s own hands, and Eurip. Suppl. 481, cited by 
Blomf., κρατεῖ δ᾽ εἷς, τὸν νόμον κεκτημένος αὐτὸς παρ᾽ αὑτῷ. 

193. Take πάντα λόγον together. 

201. These nominatives continue. the. construction of v. 
199, and are not nominatives absolute. 

202, 203. ἀνάσσῃ, ἄρξειεν. Here the optative denotes a 
merely possible event purposed ; while the subjunctive. im- 

6 


62 PROMETHEUS. 


plies also that it was realized, or that there was a groun« 
for its existence. The present denotes continued, the aorist 
momentary action, in this case that of becoming a ruler. 
Kriiger on Arrian. Anab. II. 8. 6, translates ἄρξαι by impe- 
rio potiri, and adds, “ ita passim βασιλεῦσαι τυραννῆσαι aliique 
aoristi, quorum presentia conditionem aliquam significant.’ 
— δῆθεν here, not, as usually, accompanying a false or ironica. 
statement. Comp. 986. — τοὔμπαλιν may be the object of 
σπεύδοντες. Comp. Electr. 251; Plat. Gorg. 455, C. 
208. duoxéi. Bl. writes ἀμοχθί, contending that adverbs 
from words ending in os should end ins, not ine. Hermann, 
on Ajax 1206, thinks that such of these adverbs as are de- 
rived from verbs should be written with 1, and, as for the rest, 
“ὁ nondum res plane ad liquidum perducta est.” With this 
Buttmann (largest Grammar, 2. 344) substantially agrees. 
210. The Scholiasts all take Geea here for the same per- 
son as Themis. But in Furies 2, A%schylus follows the com- 
mon mythology in making Themis the daughter of Gea or 
Earth. The poet means, then, that the grandmother of 
Prometheus, as well as his mother, foretold to him the future. 
Gea is called πρωτόμαντις (in loc. cit.) and had many names, 
as Rhea, Chthon, Demeter. Themis also was prescient 
(874), and held the oracle at Delphi before Apollo came 
there. ‘See especially Eurip. Iph. in Tauris 1259, seq. 
213. χρείη is the optative in oratione obliqua. K. § 845. 
4, The direct form would be χρὴ — κρατεῖν. τοῦς ὑπερ- 
έχοντας, the victors (whoever they should be). The par- 
ticiple is used as a noun without respect of time. Several 
critics, on slight manuscript authority, read ὑπερσχόντας, thos? 
who should get the upper hand. Blomf. says, “ aoristum 
postulat sensus,” I see not why. ᾿ 
215. τὸ πᾶν = πάντως; wholly, at all. Comp. Agam. 168 
(179). ‘ 
217. προσλαβόντα, after μοι, construed with the subject of 
the infinitive, instead of προσλαβόντι, which construction, 


NOTES. 63 
though less common, also occurs. Comp. Soph. Electr. 
959 — 962, where both are found. 

221. αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι. The dative, in the relation of 
accompaniment, is frequently thus used with αὐτός, and for 
the most part without σύν. Comp. Mt. § 405.3; K. § 283. 
2. faye 22 

232. ἀϊστώσας is to be taken in translating after ἔχρῃζεν, as 
if it were-éypylev ἀϊστῶσαι καὶ φιτῦσαι. 

235. Most authorities read here ἐξερυσάμην, which is for 
ἐξεῤῥυσάμην. as pvoua alone, and not ἐρύομαι, is used in the 
sense deliver by the tragic poets. The doubling of p is 
neglected by poetic license, as in χρυσορύτους, Antig. 950. 
As this is very rare in iambics, ἐξελυσάμην, found in several 
MSS., is received by Dindorf into his text. 

237. τῷ, propter hoc, igitur. ; 

239. προθέμενος ἐν οἴκτῳ. Though such phrases as ri- 
θεσθαι ἐν λόγῳ; ἐν αἰσχρῷ, occur, Blomf. says he has not found 
any similar to the present. It ought to mean, placing before 
one’s self as objects of pity, = θέμενος ἐν οἴκτῳ, substantial- 
ly. The following somewhat analogous expression may be 
found in Josephus de Bello Jud. ΠΙ. 10, § 2, τοῦ μὴ δοκεῖν 
μετὰ τὴν τῆς οἰκουμένης ἡγεμονίαν ἐν ἀντιπάλῳ τὰ ᾿Ιουδαίων mpo- 
τίθεσθαι, i. 6. to place the Jews before ourselves as rivals. 

241. ὧδ᾽ ἐῤῥύθμισμαι, “ metaphora a verbis desumpta quee 
in rhythmum rediguntur et coercentur” ; Blomf. = coerceor, 
constringor. Comp. Antig. 318, for the word in another 
sense. 

247. The sense is, Did you peradventure proceed any 
Sariher even than this ? 

-261. καθ᾽ ἡδονὴν = ἡδύ, and is the predicate. Comp. v. 
494. . go. τ᾽ ἄλγος, SC. ἀκούειν, to be supplied by zeugma 
from λέγειν. 

268. For tne construction, comp. Alcest. 641, note. 

269. κατισχνανεῖσθαι is the fut. mid. inf. used passively 
(comp. Antig. 210), from κατισχναίνω, I dry up, make lean. 


64 PROMETHEUS 


κατισχανεῖσθαι is preferred by Porson, on Orest. 292, and 
Well., and is the reading of all the MSS. except one: the 
other word answersin sense to προσαυαινόμενον, vy. 146, and 
is justly preferred by Blomf, and Dind. 
ABolic and perhaps older Doric for μεταρσίοις, as redaipew for 
μεταίρειν in lyric places of Euripides. 

275. ταὐτὰ = κατὰ τὰ αὐτά, in the same way. The sense 
is, calamity wandering in the same way (i. 6. just as in this 
case) now lights on one, now. on another. (Your. turn to 
need sympathy may come.) 

279. In the representation the Chorus was now let. down 
from the machine to the stage. 

282. πελῶ is future, like cxeda, v. 25. Comp. v. 303. 

284. τέρμα follows ἥκω = ἐπὶ τέρμα. Κα. § 277. 

285. διαμειψάμενος, sc. ὁδόν. Comp. Sept. ad Theb. 316, 
διαμεῖψαι δωμάτων στυγερὰν ὁδόν. Ἶ 

287. γνώμῃ. by my will. Comp. παρὰ γνώμην, against my 
will, Eurip, Medea 577. Blomf. thinks that this word may 
denote the intelligence of the griffin itself. . 

289. ξυγγενές. The mythus made Oceanus and Japetus, 
the father of Prometheus, brothers. 

292. The phrase νέμειν μείζονα μοῖραν was occasioned by 
the custom of setting a greater portion at meals before dis- 
tinguished persons or strangers. Hence it= to hold in 
greater honor. ° 

301. σιδηρομήτορα. Sometimes compound adjectives. in 
the tragic poets may be resolved into a noun and a genitive 
depending upon it, sometimes into a noun and its adjective. 


, 
πεδαρσίοις, 


Thus, σεμνόμαντις, Cid. Rex 556. = σεμνὸς μάντις, and the 
present word = σιδήρου μήτηρ. Comp. Mt. § 446, Obs. 8, b. 
302. ἐς αἶαν, i. e. to Scythia, which was thought to 
abound in iron. 
303. ξυνασχαλῶν is future, like γαμεῖ and ἀσχαλᾷ, v. 764, 
309. μεθάρμοσαι----- νέους, change your character into a new 
one. νέος shows the result, = ὥστε νέους εἶναι. 


NOTES. “65 


313. χόλον ---- μόχθων, gall or bitterness of sufferings. 

317 ἀρχαῖα, antiquated, exploded, foolish. For the form 
of this sentence, comp. Alcest. 256. 

319. ἐπίχειρα. Comp. Antig. 820. é 

323. This same figure is used Agam. 1607, πρὸς κέντρα 
μὴ λάκτιζε, by other profane writers, and in Acts xxvi. 15. 

328. περισσόφρων, sapiens plus quam satis est, Blomf. = 
overwise ; valde intelligens, Well. The latter meaning ‘is 
more apposite, as the word is used to give a reason why he 
should perceive the force of the remark. 

329. προστρίβεται, is rubbed upon, as dirt upon cloth, és 
inflicted. 

330. κυρεῖς = κυρεῖς dv. K. § 310, R. 5. Comp. ‘Electr. 
313; Antig. 487. The participle is often suppressed. 

331. καὶ τετολμηκὼς ἐμοί. ἐμοὶ is to be taken «with both 
participles, and the notion of companionship ‘is carried over 
from μετασχών, so that τετολ. is briefly for συντετόλ. 

332. μηδὲ μελησάτω. The second person imperative of 
the aorist is rarely used with the negative, but instead of it, 
the subjunctive ; the third person’so used is more common. 
Comp. Alcest. 1077; Mt. ὁ 511. 3; K. δ᾽ 259. 5, R. 9. 

335. τοὺς πέλας, others, another. See Antig. 479, and 
Electra 551, note (second edition): —¢pevodr limits ἀμείνων, 
which, like better, has the sense of better able. Comp. 
Perse 676, “the gods below” λαβεῖν ἀμείνους εἰσὶν ἢ μεθιέναι. 

336. ἔργῳ --- λόγῳ here by matter of fact which I see, not 
by what is told tome. The words are very often contrasted 
in somewhat different shades of meaning. 

338. aixé. Comp. Alcest. 95; Antig. 390. 

340. τὰ μέν o = τὰ μέν oe, τὰ μὲν being opposed ‘to ἀτάρ. 
Others read ra μὲν σ᾽. 1. 6. σά. 

341. προθυμίας is governed by ἐλλείπεις. 

347. The passage from this line to 372, Elmsley first 
gave to Prometheus, all the MSS. and preceding editors hav- 
ing assigned it to Oceanus. Blomf., Well, and others, follow 

6* 


λήξω, SC. ἐπαινῶν. 


. 


66 PROMETHEUS. 


Elmsley’s conjecture, which is, I think, clearly correct. οὐ 
δῆτα reaffirms what Prometheus had said, and introduces an 
instance of his sympathy ; but, in the mouth of Oceanus, it 
is not at all to the point. That he felt sympathy was no rea- 
son to suppose that Prometheus, in his very different situa- 
tion, should feel it also. The prophecy, again, in v. 367, 
comes most appropriately from the mouth of the son of 
Themis. V. 373 not only cannot begin a new discourse 
without great abruptness, but it necessarily continues the pre- 
ceding discourse, which contains an argument to Oceanus 
not to oppose Zeus. . The words οὐδ᾽ ἐμοῦ διδασκάλου χρήζεις 
will have no pertinence, if Prometheus has not been teaching 
his friend what the cost is of disobedience to the supreme 
ruler. It may be added that Atlas was the brother, not of 
Oceanus, but of Prometheus (the sons of Japetus in He- 
siod — Theog. 510 —being Prometheus, Epimetheus, At- 
las, and Meneetius); and that κασιγνήτου must be my broth- 
er. For a conjecture as to the origin of this passage, see 
the Preface. 

351. Aeschylus seems, in this extended description of Ty- 
phon, to have had Pindar’s first Pythian before his eyes, 
which was written. but a little before the Prometheus: in- 
deed, the imitation is close, but it falls far short of the orig- 
inal, which is one of the brightest gems in Greek poetry. 
It may even be justly charged with being turgid. — γηγενῆ. 
In Hesiod’s Theogony this Typhon or Typhoeus is the 
youngest child of Geea, born in Tartarus. He is subterra- 
nean fire personified; the cause of volcanic eruptions and 
earthquakes. 

352. ddiov, wretched. In this sense the Doric form is 
used by the tragic poets; but in the sense hostile, δήϊος. 
So Hermann on Ajax 771. 

353. In this line, I follow Porson and Schiitz in reading 
ἑκατογκάρηνον. Blomf. and Elmsley prefer, as more Attic, 
_ ἑκατογκάρανον, The reading of the MSS,, ἑκατοντακάρηνον, 


‘NOTES. 67 


violates the metre, by giving an anapest in the second 
place ; but is still retained by Well., who thinks that the 
poet designedly departed from the rule, in order, by an ad- 
ditional syllable, to express more vastness. 

354. This line in the MSS., with the reading πᾶσιν ὃς 
ἀντέστη θεοῖς, contains an inadmissible anapeest in the fourth 
place, which many critics have tried to do away with. Wun- 
derlich proposed ἀνέστη, and supposed the construction to be 
ὃς ἀνέστη συρίζων φόνον πᾶσι θεοῖς. Dindorf (Pref. ad Poet. 
Seen.) removes every difficulty by adopting this reading, and 
taking ἀνέστη θεοῖς together, in the sense, rose up against the 
gods. He cites for this use Iliad xxiii. 635: 

᾿Αγκαῖον δὲ (ἐνίκησα) πάλῃ Πλευρώνιον, ὅς μοι ἀνέστη. 
The relation of the dative here is the same as with μάχο- 
pat, and other verbs οἵ fighting. 

355, 356. γαμφηλαῖς Hesych. defines by σιαγόσι, jaw- 
bones, jaws. ἀστράπτω is not often used actively, as here. 

358. ἦλθεν αὐτῷ = ἦλθε πρὸς αὐτόν. Comp. Antig. 234. 

360. Comp. v. 134, where the thing, here the genitive, is 
the accusative, and the reverse is true of the person. 
For φρένας of the next line, comp. v. 881. 

362. ἐκβροντᾶν σθένος, to take away the strength by a 
stroke of thunder, — in the passive, to have one’s strength so 
taken away. The accusative, standing as the object of the 
active in Greek, is often joined to the passive to define its © 
action, instead of being its subject; thus, ἀποτέμνειν τὴν 
κεφαλήν, to cut the head off ; ἀποτμηθέντες τὰς κεφαλάς. having 
had their heads cut off, Xen. Anab. Π. 6. 1. All such cases 
may be resolved into ἔχω, with the participle of the verb 
used, and the accus. Sometimes a dative is used instead of 
an accus. in such phrases. Thus, ἐξηρτημένοι τόξοις, v. 711, 
means having bows hanging from them, lit. hung with bows. 
Comp. Soph. Electra 54. 

366. μυδροκτυπεῖ. Comp. Soph. Antig. 264. 

368. γνάθοις. For this word used metaphorically, comp. 
vy. 64, 726. — For the allusion here, see the Preface. 


68 PROMETHEUS. 


369. λευράς, broad, spacious, an Homeric word, ‘used 
Odys. vii. 123. Comp. v. 394, where it has the same sense. 

371. Geppois — ζάλης, literally through the hot darts of his 
insatiate fire-breathing fury, i. e. by means of the hot erup- 
tions of an incessant storm of fire. 

378. ὀργή, feelings, temper, τε ψυχή, which appears ‘in 
citations of this verse. Cicero, however, in his translation of 
this verse renders it by iracundie, and θυμὸν can take this 
sense also. - 

380. The sense is, and not try to reduce swelling anger 
by force. ἰσχναίνω, I make thin, or lean. ““ Ducta est,” says 
Schitz, “ elegans allegoria e medicorum rationibus, qui cor- 
poris tumori fomenta adhibent.”” Comp. ν. 269. 

981. προμηθεῖσθαι. which alludes to the name of Prome- 
theus, is preferred by Brunck, Valckenaer, Porson, Blomf., 
-and Dind. to προθυμεῖσθαι, a reading of more MS. authority ; 
but must be.merely an emendation of a bad reading προ- 
μυθεῖσθαι. προθυμεῖσθαι expresses the forwardness to serve. 
a friend, which Oceanus professed, as the ensuing lines show. 
Comp. also v. 341. 

385. A Scholiast paraphrases this line thus :— ‘It is bet- 
ter for me while I have good designs and useful for you to pass 
with most persons as void of understanding.” ~He takes 
εὖ φρονεῖν in the moral sense, and so G. Schneider. [{ must, 
-I think, have the intellectual sense: Jt is: best where one is 
wise not to pass for such, i. e. “that is far better than like - 
you to pass for a-wise person, and thereby expose one’s self 
tc Jupiter’s tyrannical dislike of every thing great.” 

386. τόδε τὸ ἀμπλάκημα means the error in such a course 
as Oceanus advocates, i. e. in attempting to soften the ty- 
rant’s will. ‘The proud soul of Prometheus cannot bear te 
seem to have used Oceanus as an unsuccessful mediator 
with Jove. y 

388. οὑμὸς θρῆνος. Comp. Alcest. 336. 

389. Verbs of sitting in the poets sometimes are followed 


NOTES. 6 


py the accusative of the seat. Comp. (4. Rex 2. This 
is analogous to such phrases as to walk the earth, to swim 
the sea. 

394. ψαίρει. Griffiths shows that this wind answers to our 
flap. It here denotes the gentle movements of the animal’s 
wings in preparation for flight. 

397. For the construction of στένω, see Alcest. 652. 

399. Most editors omit. λειβομένα without MS. authority, 
and with one MS. read ἔτεγξε, thus producing equality be- 
tween the. strophe and antistrophe; but the latter shows 
marks of a lacuna. The measure is injured by δ᾽ after daxpu- 
ῥαδινῶν, soft, tender. "The general idea of 
this word is ease of motion, which appears in the senses 
pliant, nimble, graceful, and, by consequence, slender (con- 
nected with graceful, as a thick-set frame is' opposed to 
grace), and tender or soft, as pliant twigs are. ‘There is 
very good authority for ῥαδινόν. ῥέος = ῥεῦμα. λει- 
βομένα. For the middle of λείβω, comp. Alcest. 101. 

401. παγαῖς. Richmond remarks that πηγὴ denotes not 
only a spring, but water flowing from a. spring, a stream, 
This is the case here, and in v. 434. 

402. Well. puts a point after rade, and writes Ζεὺς δ᾽. 
« Utrumque,” says he, “‘sensus requirit, et recepi ex Robor- 
tello, preeeunte Hermanno.” But δὲ produces.an unpleasant 
contrast between the clauses, and a point after τάδε brings too 
much abruptness into the style. ἀμέγαρτα τάδε =. ἀμεγάρτως 
adres, λυγρῶς οὕτως; thus unenviably, thus ecu Comp. 
Buttinann’s Lexil., No. 61, for this word. 

405. αἰχμή. sceptre, thence power; “ vis, orediile hasta, 
quam reges antiquos pro sceptro gestasse monet Butlerus ” 
Blomt. -Comp. v. 925. 

406. στονόεν = στονοέντως. 

409. Four syllables are wanting before orévovea. Many 
editors read στένουσι, which has no subject, unless it be im- 
plied in χώρα. The line is also corrupt, as the τ᾿ between 


σίστακτον. 


70 PROMETHEUS. 


the first and third words shows. ἀρχαιοπρεπῆ, illustrious 
of old. Comp. ἀρχαιόπλουτος, rich of old, Agam. 1013 
(1043). στένειν τιμὴν here means, to lament the loss of 
honor, but σ. συμφοράν, somewhere else, to lament the exist- 
ence of misfortune. Something so, ὑπηρετεῖν νόσῳ, Soph. 
CEd. Rex 217, to aid in removing a disease ; but ὑπηρετεῖν 
λόγῳ, Eurip. Medea 588 (Porson), to aid in carrying for 
ward a plan. 

410. ξυνομαιμόνων. The Titans in general, and not sim 
ply the brothers of Prometheus. So Scholefield. 

411. ἔποικον, Blomf., Schiitz, Passow, neighbouring ; Wel- 
lauer, inhabited. dyvas, sacred, sc. as being personified 
and an object of worship. 

416. μάχας in the genitive. Comp. Mt. § 339. 

420. Why is Arabia mentioned here, while all the otner 
places are near the Euxine? Some suppose the text to be 
wrong, which is not unlikely. Others say Arabia was taken 
in a wide sense: but it could never include the vicinity. of 
Caucasus. ‘ Verisimile est,” says Elmsley, “ βοῦν 
geographie nihilo peritiorem fuisse Tragico nostrati, (Shak- 


- speare in the ‘ Winter’s Tale,’) quioram Bohemie mariti- 


mam memorat.” 

421. ὑψίκρημνον, on a high crag. It is uncertain what 
city is here meant. 

424. ὀξυπρώροισι., sharp-pointed. πρώρα is the forward 
extremity, the front, of any thing; and the front of a spear 
directed against a foe is its point. καλλίπρωρος in Sept. ad - 
Theb. 515 (533) means fair-faced. 

425. The sense here is, one other Titan only have I seen 
heretofore in calamities, subdued by disgraceful bonds of 
steel,— the God Atlas. The other Titans were not so 
chained, but shut up in Tartarus out of sight. 

428-430. ὑπέροχον σθένος. ““ Subaudiendum videtur κα 
τά." Blomf. That is, as to or with his surpassing might. A 
Schol., taking σθένος to mean weight, paraphrases the place 


NOTES. 71 


thus: ὅστις διόλου βαστάζει ὑπείροχον καὶ μέγα βάρος, τὸν 
κραταιὸν οὐράνιόν τε κύκλον. Some violently put γάϊον in the 
place of xparadd, thereby intruding, as I believe, upon .3:8- 
chylus the conception that Atias supported earth as well as 
heaven. The passage is without doubt corrupt, and has 
never been cleared from difficulties. σθένος, which can only 
be in the accusative, cannot mean weight ; and κραταιόν, 
-whether joined to it or to πολόν, is extremely flat, and must 
have stolen into the place of some participle or verb ex- © 
pressing the straiing of the strength of Atlas. For ὑποστε- 
νάζει, which, as involving the notion of holding up, is taken 
in a constructio pregnans with νώτοις, Hermann conjectured 
(Opuse. 1. 114) ὑποστεγάζει, sustains from underneath, a 
rare, if not unknown, word of convenient signification, 
which derives support from the epithet οὐρανοστεγῆ, heaven- 
sustaining, found in a frag. of AEschylus (No. 285 Dindorf) 
where Atlas is spoken of. Other emendations and construc- 
tions are still less satisfactory than those already given. 

431. κλύδων seems to be collective = surges: hence the 
use of ξυμπιτνῶν, dashing together. So κῦμα is used by 
Herodot. 7. 193. 

433. “Aidos (from ”Ais = ᾿Αἴδης) depends on μυχὸς yas, and 
yas on μυχὸς simply. Render, the cavern of the earth be 
longing to Pluto, i. e. Pluto’s underground cavern. 

438. προυσελούμενον = ὑβριζόμενον. The Etymologicon 
Magnum, under mpocéAnvor, says, προυσελεῖν λέγουσι τὸ ὕβρι- 
(ew. προυσελοῦμεν occurs Aristoph. Frogs 730, according 
to the best MS., the only other place where this word is 
found out of Hesychius. See Buttmann’s Lexilogus, No. 
89, for an essay upon this word. 

450. ἔφυρον, mixed up, confused, did in confusion and 
without system. — For οὐ following οὔτε in the next line, a 
negligence not uncommon, comp. Mt. § 609; K. § 321. 
2, Rem. 6; and y. 480. See also Antig. 250, 258. 

452. ἀήσυροι. This word is elsewhere found in no earlier 


12 -- PROMETHEUS. 


author than Apol. Rhod. ii. 1102, cited by Blomf., where it 
is spoken of the wind, and answers, according to the Schol., 
to ἐλαφρῶς πνέων. Suidas quotes ἀήσυρον κάμψει γόνυ, where 
it means light, agile. It is explained in the scholia and 
lexicons by κοῦφον, ἐλαφρόν, λεπτόν. Its meanings arranged 
in order may have been easily blown by the wind, light, 
thence agile, small, as light bodies or animals usually are. 

454. Here we have an early Greek division of the year 
into three parts; χεῖμα, rainy time (xéw), ἔαρ, early season, 
θέρος, hot or dry time. From θέρος, ὀπώρα, late season (end 
of summer), and φθινόπωρον, late autumn, were taken off, 
and other subdivisions still were made. 

457. The celestial phenomena which fell from age to age 
upon nearly the same day of the year were used to mark 
the seasons. Thus in Hesiod (Op. et Dies 383) the heliacal 
rising of the Pleiades begins the time of harvest (answering 
to our 11th of May), and their cosmical setting (= October 
26) the time of ploughing, or winter. The acronycal 
rising of Arcturus (its rising at sunset) marked the com- 
mencement of spring (ibid. 564). 

459. ἀριθμόν, number, the art of number. 

461. μνήμην, not mnemonics, which was not an old art, 
but the power of remembering gained by practice, which, 
where books were rare, was a power much exercised. The 
poet here alludes to the. mythus, which made Mnemosyne 
or Memory mother of the Muse, i. e. of the inventive power 
of the mind displayed in the arts; for μοῦσα, Dor. paca, 
feminine participle of pao, is nothing more than the inven- 
tive or investigating one, — personified invention. μουσομή- 
τωρ, then, is mother of invention, or of the arts, inventive. 

463. CevyAn was the collar at each end of the ζυγὸν in 
which the neck of the animal was inserted. 

464. For the construction of διάδοχος, comp. Alcest. 655. 

465. γένωνθ᾽. The elision of a in verbal endings is rare 
m the tragic poets. See my note on Electr. 818. To avoid 


NOTES. 73 


this elision many edd. read yévow6’ without MS. authority 
The subjunctive is here used on account of the enduring 
consequences in the present time, 

472. aixes. for decxés. Comp. aixia, ἄκων, aipw, ἀργός, for 
detkia, ἀέκων, deipw, depyds. 

474. σεαυτὸν properly belongs to the second. clause, as 
its subject, being attracted into the first, as if it were 
ὁποίοις φαρμάκοις εἶ αὐτὸς ἰάσιμος. Κι. § 347, Rem. 3. Comp. 
Plato Charmid. sti B, eviore 6 — οὐ γιγνώσκει ἑαυτὸν ὡς 
ἔπραξε. 

480. Nearly all the MSS. have οὐδὲ ---- οὐ ---- οὐδέ, which 
is not good Greek. The words βρώσιμον, χριστόν, πιστόν, 
belong to the class ἀλέξημα ; but the force of οὐδὲ would be 
to separate them from it, as being distinct classes of them- 
selves. When a whole is denied by ov, οὐδέ, or οὐδέν, the 
parts are denied by οὔτε ---- οὔτε, and ov is used for οὔτε, 
as in v. 451. πιστὸν is the verbal of πιπίσκω, bibere 
facio. 

486. κληδών, an omen from words or sounds casually ut- 
tered ; σύμβολος, a sign from something casually met. 
ὕπαρ, i. 6. καθ᾽ ὕπαρ, when we are awake. 

490-492. A reading εὐώνυμοι preferred by Brunck, 
Schitz, Blomf., and Elmsley, is more grammatical than εὐω- 
νύμους, which most MSS., Well., and Dind. have ; but for that 
very reason looks like an emendation. εὐωνύμους stands, by 
a familiar change of construction, for εὐώνυμοι, διώρισα being 
supplied in thought. εὐώνυμος is a euphemistic word for 
ἀριστερός, left, sinister. See Electr. 19, note. Two lines 
below, the construction changes after ἔχουσι : instead of ἔχθρας 
— συνεδρίας, governed by ἔχουσι; we have nominatives with 
εἰσὶ understood ; and again in v. 493, the former construc- 
tion with διώρισα is returned to. συνεδρίαι, the alighting 
together of different kinds of birds. 

494. Comp. καθ᾽ ἡδονήν, v. 261. 

495, λοβός, the lobe or flap of the liver. 

Ὕ 


SS 


LS + ae ae τὰ δ Aa 


74 PROMETHEUS. 


498, 499. φλογωπὰ σήματα, signs by flame: comp. Antig. 
1005 seq., i. 6. by the burning of victims. 
properly I gave sight to; figuratively, I rendered clear. 
ἐπάργεμα, covered with the albugo, or white upon the 
iris, thence obscure. Comp. Agam. 1084 (1113), Choéph. 
654 (665).— For the whole passage, comp. Antig. 1005 
seq. 

506. The allegorical meaning of the fable of Prometheus 
seems to have been present to the poet’s mind in this pas- 
sage, from v. 439. As Prometheus is the speaker, of course 
a very favorable account is given of his interference in favor 
of mankind. -The earliest version of this fable may be 
found in Hesiod’s Works and Days. There is another differ- 
ing from this in Hesiod’s Theogony. In the fable, Prome- 
theus, as the name shows, is understanding or forethought 
personified, as his brother Epimetheus is afterthought, 
thought after action or imprudence. He steals fire from 
heaven for men, and thus represents the human mind reach- 
ing after knowledge above its condition, in order that men 
““may be as Gods, knowing good and evil.” Man in the 
fable is. punished by means of Pandora, the woman whom 
he received; who perhaps stands for sensuality, and who 
opened the way for all the woes of the race. Prometheus 
is punished by the vulture of restless, unsatisfied desire 
gnawing his heart, and by the chains of earthly impotence, 
which gall his free will and aspiring thoughts; until, by the 
consent of Jupiter, Hercules slays the vulture and looses 
the bonds; and a God (see v. 1027) bears the penalty in his 
place. He now becomes reconciled to the sway of Jove. 
That there is in this fable— if we overlook some unessen- 
tial circumstances — a striking resemblance to the Scriptural 
account of the fall of man cannot be doubted; though it 
may be hard to say whether the fable grew up on Greek 
ground, or was an altered form of an old tradition. But 
what shall we say of the intervosition of Jupiter’s son, and 


3 , 
ἐξωμμάτωσα; 


NOTES. 75 


of the; pains borne by Chiron for Prometheus, which are 
strangely like the last and greatest truth of revelation ἢ 
How can we think that heathen fables knew aught of what 
was but darkly seen even by Jewish prophets ? 

508. ἀκήδει take no care of : a rare word, found twice in 
Homer, Iliad xiv. 427, xxiii. 70. 

516. The Fates ordain; the Furies execute, especially 
when murders have been committed. The extent of author- 
ity here given to the Furies is remarkable. In this play the 
Fates are_placed above Jupiter (515 -- 517, 169, 771, 918 
seq.), but in other pieces of Aschylus are subordinate to 
him, or united in idea with him, as the highest power. Even 
here his own free act (performed, however, in ignorance 
of its consequences) will bring about what is fated. ‘“ The 
poet modifies the relation between him and them according 
to the nature of the subject... Prometheus belongs to the 
purely mythic period ; and Aéschylus could therefore follow 
the idea which might be formed concerning Jupiter soon 
after he had dethroned his father.”’. Blimner on the Idea 
of Destiny, p. 122, in the German. 

521. ἦ πού. Comp. Alcest. 199. ——— σεμνόν, solemn, 
awful. 

525. The sense is, By no means may Jupiter, who sways 
all things, set his might in opposition to my wiil. 

530. doivas, sacrificial feasts, those, perhaps, which the 
“Ethiopians (Iliad i. 423) made. 

535. The metaphor in ἐμμένοι, éxraxein, is drawn from 
something soft, as wax, melted into or upon any thing. In 
Electra 1311, Sophocles has the expression μῖσος ἐντέτηκέ 
pot, hatred is melted into me; and in Trach. 463, ἐντακῆναι 
τῷ φιλεῖν, to be melted into love, i. 6. to cleave to it. 

537. τείνειν βίον is not to prolong life, but simply to live 
on, to live. Life is conceived of as a space continually ex- 
tending onward in length. 

545. ““ Constructio est,’ says Blomf., “ φέρ᾽ εἰπέ, ὅπως 


16 PROMETHEUS. 


ἄχαρις χάρις." ΤῈ is better to follow the Scholiast, who para 
phrases this passage thus: φέρε, ὦ φίλος, ἐπειδή, ἣν εἰς τοὺς 


βροτοὺς πεποίηκας χάριν, ἄχαρις (ἐστί). ὅπως = as, since. 
ἄχαρις χάρις, a thankless favor. Comp. Antig. 1261, and 
ἄχαρις χάρις, 904 infra, where see the note. 
“ὁ dupliciter interrogatur.” Reisig. 

555, ὅσο. The sense: is, This song, which has come into 
my mind, is of opposite import from that, when I sung hy- 
meneal hymns around thy bath and marriage-bed. The 
Greeks said either τοῦτο διαφέρει τούτου, or τοῦτο καὶ τοῦτο 
διαφέρουσι, ΟΥ̓ τοῦτο διαφέρει καὶ τοῦτο. This last is the form 
of the present sentence. The poet might have said τόδε τὰ 
μέλος προσέπτα διαμφίδιον, making ὃ. the predicate ; instead 
of which he employs it as an epithet, and brings in τόδε 
afterwards, as epexegetical of μέλος. -------- διαμφίδιον, Hesych. 
ἀλλοῖον, διὰ παντὸς κεχωρισμένον, ἃ word only found here, from 
διαμφίς, wide apart. ὅτε. Some authorities have’ é τε, 
from ὅς re, but there is no: evidence that the rare word 
ὑμεναιόω (which = ᾷἄδω τὸν ὑμέναιον) can be taken actively. 
προσέπτα. ‘The figure in'this word denotes the approach 
of something inperceptible or immaterial, moving lightly or 
suddenly. Comp. vv. 115, 644. ἀμφὶ λουτρά. Bathing 
took place among the preparative ceremonies of marriage. 
Comp. Eurip. Pheeniss. 347. - ἰότατι = ἕνεκα. 
ὁμοπάτριον, sprung from the same father with us. Hesione 
was a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys, according to 
Acusilaus, one of the earliest: prose genealogists, in Butt- 
mann’s Scholia on the Odyssey, x. 2. ἕδνοις. The 
construction here is, as Schiitz remarks, Ἡσιόνην ἕδνοις πιθὼν 
ἤγαγες δάμαρτα. 

561. The mythus of lo. seems originally to have had ἃ 
physical meaning. ἴο is the moon (the traveller, *1 from 
εἶμι, aS “Ὑπερίων, the sun, denotes the traveller_on high), and 
Argus, with innumerable eyes, is the starry sky by night. 
_He is the perpetual companion of Io, until Hermes, the 


ποῦ Tis ἀλκά ; 


4 
ταν 


NOTES. 17 


bringer on of night‘and day, destroys him, i. 6. restores the | 
daylight. The horns of the moon led many tribes to con- 
ceive of their moon-goddess as a heifer, and such is [o’s 
form. Having become a mythological person, she came into 
the poet’s region, and was brought into connection with other 
fictions. She ceased, perhaps, to be a goddess of high rank, 
when the worship of another tribe was brought to Argos. 

564. ποινὰς ὀλέκει. ποινάς, mowas, ποινῆς, ποινή σ᾽, Occur 
as various readings. The position of these forms repre- 
sents the progress from truth to a conjecture through a false 
reading. The accusative ποινὰς is put in a sort of apposi- 
tion with the verb. Comp. Mt, ὃ 482; K. § 266, Rem. 2. 
The sense is, In penalty for what crime you are perishing 3 

567. οἶστρος. ‘There is no reason to suppose that any 
thing was presented to the eyes of the spectators ; but still 
the poet plainly uses this word literally : Io thought of the 
spectre of Argus, as a real cestrus buzzing arround her, as is 
shown by v. 675. In this line τὰν was first inserted by 
Hermann, then by Elmsley and others. In the next dev 
δᾶ is Dindorf’s reading for dev’ ὦ δᾶ. ‘See the Pref. τὸ 
his ““ Poetze Scenici,” p. vi. 

568. γηγενοῦς. Like Typhon, the Cyclopes, the Titans, 
and other monsters, Argus is here said to be earth-born, or 
the son of Gea. His parentage is variously given, but 
Acusilaus calls him Geea’s son in Apollodor. IL. 1. 3. 

569. Two Vienna MSS. omit φοβοῦμαι, and two others 
read eicopd. Both seem, according to Dindorf, to be addi- 
tions to the text, εἰσορῶσα having originally stood alone with- 
out a verb, the idea, I fear, being implied in the context. 
Comp. Matthie on Hecuba 950 (971), αἰδώς μ᾽ eye: — 
τυγχάνουσα, for αἰδοῦμαι ---- τυγχάνουσα. | have inserted φο- 
βοῦμαι in the text int brackets, though disposed to assent to 
Dindorf’s correction. 

574. ὑπὸ δὲ x. 7. A. The sense is, And his sonorous waz- 
joined reed sounds forth in an undertone a sleep-giving lay 

7* 


78 PROMETHEUS. 


ΒΥ -δόναξ is intended the syrinx or Pan’s pipe of reeds 
of different lengths cemented together. 

575. ὑπνοδόταν. This word, perhaps, is used to set forth 
the torment of Io, inclined to sleep, but still driven forward 
by the cestrus. 

576. For τηλέπλανοι πλάναι, comp. vv. 585, 900. 

577. Join τί. ποτε ἁμαρτοῦσαν εὑρὼν together, = having 
found me in what sin. 

580. οἰστρηλάτῳ δείματι, the fear caused by the pursuing 
estrus. 

, 584. φθονέω, like peyaipw, v. 626, governs the genitive of 
the thing grudged or denied. Comp. Mt. ὁ 368,a; K. ὁ 
214. 

588. This verse was first made part of Io’s song by Her-: 
mann and Elmsley, instead of being ascribed to the Chorus. 
This is necessary according to the usual practice of the 
tragic poets, if the corresponding verse in the antistrophe be- 
longs to her. 

592. orvyntés. It is rare that verbals in τὸς have but 
two endings. γνωτὸς is so used Cid. Rex 396. Comp. 
Alcest. 102, note. γυμνάζομαι denotes to practise with 
effort or pain, to use strength, or labor upon, and takes an 
accusative, as τέχνην. Plat. Gorg. 514, E. 

594. ris— προσθροεῖς, who art thou, who, I say, that 
addressest me thus correctly 2 For the condensed form of 
the sentence (= τίς ei — ὃς mpooOpocis), comp. Alcest. 106 


note. 

599. φοιταλέοις, ὁρμητικοῖς, Schol. ; circumagentibus, Well 
Rather, maddening. 

600. σκιρτημάτων αἰκίαις, i. 6. tormenting leaps. The 
estrus drove her forward in a painful race, allowing her no 
time for food. — - 

601. Ἥρας. This word is due to a conjecture of Her- 
mann, and appears in the modern edd. Such a dissyllabic 
word was wanting to complete the metre, and the Scholiasts 
introduce it in paraphrasing ἐπικότοισι μήδεσι. 


NOTES. 79 


606. For ri μὴ χρή, Elmsley elegantly conjectured τί μῆ- 
xap, what cure, and put a point after waéeiv.. This, with ἢ 
following it, which is Reisig’s emendation, I have received 
into this third edition. 

612. βροτοῖς, as well as πυρὸς, depends on δοτῆρα. Comp. 
Mt. § 389. 3. 

615. ἁρμοῖ = ἀρτίως. Properly it is an old dative, — like 
οἴκοι; wedot, — from ἁρμός, joint. The time denoted by just 
now is a time joined on, adjoining to the present. Comp. 


_ juxta from jungo. 


617. For μου some authorities for the text read μοι. 
A similar dative sometimes follows δέχομαι. 

621. ἀρκῶ σαφηνίσαι = ἀρκεῖ ἐμὲ σαφηνίσαι. Comp. Antig. 
547. : 

626. See 584. 

627. μὴ ov. Comp. Mt. § 609; K. § 318. 10. τί μέλ- 
Aes being in fact negative = μὴ μελλε, this case of μὴ οὐ is 
like that in vv. 796, 918. 

628. θράττω is an Attic form for ταράττω. Comp. φροίμιον 
for προοίμιον. See Buttmann, Lexil., No. 52. 3. 

629. The sense demanded by the context is that of 
μᾶσσον (= μᾶλλον) ἢ as, which is the reading of two or three 
MSS.; ἢ ὡς being pronounced as one syllable. Several 
scholars, as Dindorf on this passage, Kihner (largest Gram., 
§ 748. 2) and Bremi on Lysias (ed. Gotha, 1826, p. 46), 
after Herm. on Viger, contend that ὡς can follow the com- 
parative in the sense of 7. Blomf. agrees with the Scholiasts 
in giving to ὡς the sense of ὅτι, nam, siquidem, and under- 
standing ἀκοῦσαι with γλυκύ. Griffiths renders és how. Be 
no longer anxious how it may please me. Both of these 
explanations fail to satisfy, nor is Elmsley’s conjecture pac- 
σόνως ἤ "pot γλυκὺ to be commended. 

636. The river-god, Inachus, was born of Oceanus, like 
the ocean-nymphs, or Oceanides, who compose the Chorus. 

638. οἴσεσθαι. φέρομαι in the middle often means I bear 


off, obtain as a prize. 


80 PROMETHEUS. 


639. ἀξίαν τριβὴν ἔχει, are a proper way of spending dime, 
are well worth while. | 

645. πολεύμεναι for ἐὐλδόμεῤμ εξ =the Homeric rodedpevar, 
which is perhaps the true reading. Comp. πον 29, for 
this word. 

648. δαρόν, Dor. for δηρόν, is used in iambics by sch. 
and-Eurip. 


650. ξυναίρεσθαι, take upon him together with you, join, 


you in. 


652. βαθύν, having a deep soil, fertile. Comp. νειὸς Ὁ 


βαθεῖα, Hom. ~ 

654. τὸ δῖον ὄμμα = τὸ Διὸς ὄμμα. Comp. Alcest. 5. 

655. εὐφρόνας. See-Electra 19. 

658. ἐπὶ Δωδώνης. The genitive with ἐπὶ often follows a 
ΤΌ of motion, in answer to the question whither. 

659. The majority of the MSS. read μάθῃ, with which 
(ρὴ in its time accords. 

660. Comp. v. 494, and Soph. Cid. Rex 72. 


666. ἄφετον ἀλᾶσθαι. There is an allusion here to sacred | 
cattle, which were called ἄφετοι and ἄνετοι, as being left free 
to wander where they chose, a custom ‘still prevailing in | 


India. See the notes on Hesychius, voce ἄφετοι. 


667. μολεῖν. Here the aorist infin. stands after Bags | 
ἦλθεν, with a future sense; even though that phrase has no | 


future idea, such as verbs of hoping, promising, and the like 
have, with which aor. infinitives are often so used. Comp. 


Mt. § 501. The more regular form of this sentence would | 
be εἰ μὴ θέλοι ---- μολεῖν dv — ὃς ἐξαϊστώσοι. μολεῖν, for the | 


fut. μολεῖσθαι, and ἐξαϊστώσοι, take the form which belongs 
to oratio directa, thus by a change of construction deserting 
the optative. An obvious conjecture of Elmsley’s, πυρωπὸν 
ἂν for π. ἐκ, is then unnecessary. 

676. Kepyveias. Another reading is Keyypeias. So its 
yrimitive has the forms xépyvov, κέγχρον, millet. 1 dd not 


finda stream of this name elsewhere mentioned as being in 


NOTES. - 8} 


Argolis. It may have been one of the little water-courses 
running towards Lerna, not far from the village of Cenchree, 
which lay on the road from Tegea to Argos. 

677. ἄκρην. This. reading is. probably corrupt, as_ the 
discrepancies of the MSS. seem to show. “ Nusquam, quod 
sciam, memoratur Λέρνης ἄκρα." Blomf. Dindorf justly ap- 
proves of the conjecture Λέρνης τε κρήνην, which Blomf. 
has admitted into his text. The Scholiast, by his gloss πρὸς 
τὴν Λέρνην τὴν πηγήν, Shows that this was in his copy. Lerna 
was a morass.on alow coast from which the hills retired. 
The last two syl- 
lables of αἰφνίδιος. are probably pronounced as one by syni- 
zesis. For the; synizesis of 1, which Porson denied, see 
Herm. Elementa, p. 34, ed. Glasg. Elmsley removed the 
jnecessity for it by proposing to read ἀφνίδιος. 

682. γῆν πρὸ γῆς; to land. in front of, i. e. beyond land. 
‘Not so Mt. § 575. 
683. κλύεις. The present of this verb and of ἀκούω an 
dvopat, like.“ hear,” ‘ learn,” in English, is used in 
\speaking of past time, both. when, as here, the thing heard 
so recently spoken of, that the sound. is,.so to speak, still 
the ears; and also.when, a.rumor or report lasting until 
the present time. is: referred to. Thus one can say at the 
‘tlose of a speech. or story, “you hear the argument,” or 
* narrative,” (— itis in your ears,) and we say, “I hear 
that the steamboat is arrived” (= λέγεται, it is_said, such is 
the report). 
698. τοι. Comp. y. 39. ree 
700. τὴν πρὶν χρείαν ἠνύσασθε, you fulfilled your former 
esire. 
711. ἐξηρτημένοι τόξοις. Comp. 362. Scholefield cites 
. Hor. Epist., Lib. 1. 1. 56, “ Levo suspensi loculos tabulam- 
ue lacerto.” One MS. has the easier reading ἐξηρτυμένοι, 
» Furnished with. The Scythians, and some of the Sar- 
Mate, led a nomad life, and had no fixed mansions, but dwel: 


680. ἀπροσδόκητος = ἀπροσδοκήτως. 


82 PROMETHEUS. 


in wagons, whence one tribe of Scythians derived the name 
of Hamaxobii. Comp. Herod. 4. 46; Strabo 7. 3, § 2. 
The Tartars have still this same kind of houses on wheels. 
William de Rubruquis saw them in the year 1253, and 
describes them thus (Transl. in Pinkerton, Vol. VII. p. 28) : 
—‘ Their houses they raise upon a round foundation of 
wickers artificially wrought and compacted together; the 
roof consisting of wickers also, meeting above in one little ᾿ 
roundel, out of which there rises upward a neck like a 
chimney, which they cover with white felt, &c. — These 
houses they made so large that they contain thirty feet 
in breadth; —I told two-and-twenty oxen in one draught 
drawing a house upon a cart.” And so Marco Polo (Pinker- 
ton, Vol. VII. p. 123). 

712, &c. What is said by the poet concerning Io’s wan- 
derings is quite at variance with geographical truth, and it 
is difficult to say in all cases what view of her course he had — 
in his own mind. From the vicinity of Argos (676) she 
went to the oracle of Dodona (830), and to the coast of the — 
Tonian or Adriatic Sea. ‘Thence she turned, travelling no 
longer in a westerly direction ; but the poet is silent about 
her path, until she arrives at the scene of this play, which 
seems to have been the shore of the Hyperborean or-Scythi- — 
an Sea. This sea A’schylus may have regarded as being ἢ 
far to the south of its actual place. Io now goes towards 
the east (707), and avoids the Scythian nomads by drawing © 
nigh to a rocky coast, which Schiitz takes for that of the © 
Palus Meotis. The Chalybes are an otherwise unknown 
nation of that name, so called from their skill in working 
iron. A number of barbarous tribes, both in mythic and in 
historic geography, bore this appellation. Xenophon fell in 
with two; one near Armenia (Anab. IV. 5. 34), and anoth- 
er not far from Trapezus (idid., V. 5.1). The Hybristes 
is explained to be the Araxes by the Scholiasts ; their ground 
may have been, that both names denote the violence of the 


NOTES. 83. 


current. Schiitz, however, takes this river to be the Tanais, 
which was falsely supposed by some, according to Strabo, 
to run north from Caucasus: πελάζειν, with dative, K. 
§ 284. 2. 

713. A single 6 following the syllable on which the ictus 
is laid can make it long, but the short syllable in thesis after 
p is still short, as here. Comp. vv. 992 and 1023. 

714. Χαιᾶς χειρός, Mt. § 377. This local genitive is rare 
even in the poets. 

718. εὔβατος περᾶν. See v. 766. 

719. πρὸς αὐτὸν K., to Caucasus itself, as contrasted with 
the river flowing from it, = quite to Caucasus. Others ex- 
plain αὐτὸν K. as meaning Caucasus properly so called, i. 6. 
the main or highest part of the mountain. But there is 
nothing said in the context of any other part of the- moun- 
tain, which can be set in contrast to the highest part. 

725 — 728. wa, where. If the text is right, the geography 
is exceedingly wrong. The mouth of the Thermodon, on 
the southern coast of the Euxine, was some ten degrees of 
longitude east of Salmydessus on the western. Of this the 
poet could hardly be ignorant, as the Euxine trade of Athens 
must already have become considerable. He may, however, 
have followed some of the early fables relating to the Argo- 
nauts, in placing this town on the southern coast. To avoid 
the difficulty here noticed, Volcker, in his Mythische Ge- 
ographie, begins a new sentence at ἕνα, while G. Schneider 
joins ἵνα, not with the clause before it, but with βῆναι. In 
the latter case, Io ought to go towards the northwest instead 
of the south ; in the former, we have a harsh asyndeton, and 
violence is done to the natural obvious construction. For 
Salmydessus, comp. Antig. 969. γνάθος. ‘This meta- 
phor, according to one Scholiast, is derived from the perilous 
nature of the coast, the shallows and cliffs of which were 
destructive to vessels thrown upon them by northerly winds. 
The coast for 700 stadia went by this name, διὰ τὸ τοὺς εἰς 


84 PROMETHEUS. 


πὐτὴν πλέοντας καταναλίσκειν. Another deduces it from. the 
form of the coast resembling a jaw. But Schiitz under 
stands γνάθος more indefinitely of the mouth of the Propon- 
tis, called Salmydessian, because the coast known by that 
name extended to the. Thracian Bosporus. The country 
of the Amazons was considered in Strabo’s time (see 11. 5, 
§ 1-3) to be in the mountains above Albania, or else under 
Caucasus towards the north. The poet places them farther 
to the south, and a set of fables settled them near the Ther- 
modon. They guided lo with great. pleasure, on account of 
her sex, but by what route it does not appear; perhaps 
around the Euxine. 

729. ἰσθμόν. This Schiitz. understands, not of the Tau- 
ric Chersonese (now the Crimea) itself, but of the tongue 
of land between the Meotis and the Euxine on the east of 
the former, where the mart of Phanagoria was built. On 
this scheme, lo went from Asia into Europe by crossing the 
strait named from her the Bosporus. In order to bring: her 
back into Asia again, which v. 735 requires, Schitz takes 
her along the northern coast of the Euxine, and across the 
Thracian Bosporus into Asia Minor, and the next thing, we 
hear of her is her arrival at Cisthene, near the ends. of the 
earth. The improbability of this is manifest. lo passes 
from some European. region into the Tauric Chersonese, 
swims the Bosporus, and is thus in Asia at once. The 
Tarnis and Palus Meotis were considered the boundary be- 
tween Europe and Asia. Comp. Strabo 11. 1, § 1. 

731, αὐλών. a narrow channel. The present name is the 
Straits of Kertch, or Jenicale. 

743. αὖ, in your turn, as the Chorus did, v. 687. 
ἀναμυχθίζει, you groan out. Blomf. has noticed the simple 
μυχθίζω in but one passage, viz. Meleager’s 52d Epigram. 
It is found also.in Polyb. 15, § 26; Theocr. Idyl. 20, 13 
The root is the sound pd, as Blomf. remarks. 


747 —'750. ri — οὐκ ἔῤῥιψα ἐμαυτὴν ---- ὅπως ἀπηλλάγην ; why 


NOTES. 85 


did I not throw myself —so that I had been freed? va, ὡς, 
vj, more rarely ὅπως; are found with the aorist, or imperf. 
indic., when actions are spoken of which should have hap- 
pened, but did not. Comp. v. 157; Ed. Rex 1389, 1392; 
and Mt. ᾧ 519. 

754. αὕτη; sc. τὸ θανεῖν. It is put by attraction in the gen- 
der of the predicate. 

760.- See Kiihner, ὃ 312, R. 12. 

761. répavva. The tragic poets often use τύραννος as an 
adjective of two endings. σκῆπτρα is in the accusative. 

764. ἀσχαλᾷ. Comp. v. 303. τοιοῦτον ᾧ. Comp. Al- 
cest. 194. 

765. θέορτον = θεῖον. 


ῥητὸν αὐδᾶσθαι, a kind 
of pleonasm for ἔξεστιν aidacba, arising perhaps from a con- 
fusio duaram locutionum, viz. ῥητὰ τάδε and ἔξεστι, or δεῖ 
αὐδᾶσθαι τάδε. Comp. εὐδρακὴς λεύσσειν, Soph. Philoct. 847, 
and Schaefer’s note ; εὐμαθὴς κρῖναι, Auschin. c. Ctes.; φατὸν 
λέγειν, Aristoph. Av. 1713. 

768. ἡ τέξεταί ye, yes by a wife who will bear, or yes be- 
cause ‘she will bear. For what is said, comp. ν. 909. 

770. Some MSS. have Ava, but Avdeis, as a More exquisite 
reading, is preferred by the best critics. The discourse is 
interrupted by [o’s inquiry, One may supply δείξω πῶς αὐτὴν 
ἀποστρέψει. Several editors, unwilling to admit an interrup- 
tion of the discourse, supply ἀποστροφὴ ὦ. But Prometheus 
would call what he should do, rather than himself, an ἀπο» 
στροφή. 

774. Hercules, who is here meant, was the thirteenth in 
descent from Io, through Danaus, Perseus, and others. 

780. ἑλοῦ ἢ = ἑλοῦ πότερον. ἢ is often thus used in the 
epic style, but rarely in other kinds of composition. —— 
φράσω is in the subjunctive. 

782. τούτων od τὴν μὲν K. τ. A. = τούτων χαρίτων τὺ τὴν μὲν 
τῇδε, τὴν δ᾽ ἐμοι. 

8 


766. τί δ᾽ ὅντιν᾽, st. ἐρωτᾷς. 


96 PROMETHEUS. 


786, 787. οὐκ ἐναντιώσομαι ---- γεγωνεῖν. See v. 627. 

789. μνήμοσιν δέλτοις φρενῶν, the mindful or recollecting 
tablets of the mind =the memory. As -we might say the 
memorandum-book of the mind. This metaphor was. not 
uncommon. Comp. Furies 265 (275); Suppl. 176 (179) ; 
Soph. Philoct. 1825, .The AéAro: were the folded halves of 
a square cut diagonally, and took their name from A. 

790. By ῥεῖθρον the Cimmerian Bosporus seems to be in- 
tended, for the poet would naturally return to the point 
where he left off, v. 735. It is possible, however, that the 
poet had the Phasis in his mind, which, in a frag. of the 
Prometheus Loosed, he calls the boundary of Europe and 
Asia. 

791. There is plainly a lacuna here, and some suppose 
that a number of lines is lost. This renders the jarring 
theories concerning the course of Io both possible and un- 
certain. It is not certain what sea is meant in the next line ; 
Voss discovers it to be the Thracian Bosporus; Volcker, 
the Straits of Gibraltar. Perhaps it is the Caspian. lo 
might say of the critics, ποῖ, πόποι, ποῖ μ᾽ ἄγουσι ; 

793. There is from this place onward a very wide division 
‘among scholars, as to the course of Io. Some in the present 
age, as Voss and Hermann, suppose that the poet conceived 
her path to be in a northward and then in a westward direc- 
tion to Libya, where the most common opinion placed the 
Gorgons and Phorcides. Hermann indeed treats the oppo- 
site opinion, viz. that she went eastwardly to Athiopia, with 
contempt (Opuscula, 4. 275); but notwithstanding, with 
Mannert (Geog. 4, 88), and Miiller (Geschichte der Dorer, 
1, 277), I accede to it as the best supported. Quite a 
thorough examination of this very difficult subject of Io’s 
wandering is to be found in Vélcker’s Mythische Geogra- 
phie (Leipz. 1832), who takes her to the west end of Europe 
- and into Libya. Κισθήνη is called by Harpocration a 
mountain of Thrace, and he quotes from Cratinus a line 


retreat 


πα ieeneeiina 


NOTES. 87 
which sufficiently shows its remoteness: κἀνθένδ᾽ ἐπὶ τέρματα 
γῆς ἥξεις, καὶ Κισθήνης ὄρος ὄψει. This word is an offence to 
those who think that Io takes a westward course. Voss 
changed it into Κυνήτης, and Vélcker into Κυρήνης. The 
Scholiast transports the place into Libya or Athiopia. 

794. Hesiod (Theog. 270) mentions the Phorcides and | 
Gorgons under the names of Γραῖαι (= δηναιαὶ κόραι in this 
passage) and Topyoi. The latter dwelt near the Hesperides, 
beyond the ocean, on the confines of night. The former 
were gray-haired from birth, but of the other traits of the 
fable here mentioned the poet says nothing. 

795. κυκνόμορφοι. ““ De canitie Stanleius interpretatur, nec 
ipse reperio quod melius 511.) Schiitz. The Scholiast un- 
derstands this word literally. ἐκτημέναι, an Ionic form 
for κεκτημέναι, rarely found in Attic writers. 

796. ds οὔθ᾽ ἥλιος. The same is said of the Cimmerians 
by Homer, Odys. xi. 15. 

799. δρακοντόμαλλοι, having snakes for hair. The word 
μαλλός, used properly of wool, stands also, according to 
Hesychius, for ἡ καθειμένη κόμη. ᾿ 

801. φρούριον seems to mean thing to be guarded against. 

808 -- 807. In the northern parts there was fabled to be 
abundance of gold, which the Arimaspi attempted to steal 
from the griffins that guarded it. To this Milton alludes, 
Par. Lost, ii. 943. Comp. Herodot. 4. 13 and 27, and 3. 
116. The one-eyed Arimaspi were reputed to dwell next 
to the Issedones, who bordered upon the Scythians ; next to 
them lived the griffins, and then the Hyperboreans upon the 
sea. Some poets transferred the Hyperboreans to the west 
of Europe; but I know of no good evidence that the abode 
of the Arimaspi was otherwise thought of, than as being to 
the north or northeast of the Scythians, except by the Scho- 
liasts on this passage, who assign Cisthene, Arimaspi, Gor- 
gons, and all, to Libya. The griffins also seem to be ex- 

clusively an Eastern fiction. We must suppose then, that 


88 PROMETHEUS. 


the poet put the Gorgons in the remote east, which he migh 
do in conformity with one version of the fable. Comp. 
Schol. on Pind. 10. 72: ai δὲ Γοργόνες κατὰ μέν τινας ἐν τοῖς 
Ἐρυθραίοις μέρεσι καὶ τοῖς Αἰθιοπικαῖς ἅ ἐστι πρὸς ἀνατολὴν καὶ 
μεσημβρίαν, etc. And several other fables of a similar kind 
had a double locality in the eastern and western parts un- 
known. κύνας. ‘The griffins, like the Sphinx, Cid. Rex 
391, the eagle, infra 1022, and the Furies, Choéph. 911 
(924), are called dogs, from their being fierce and rapacious 
ministers of Jove, his hounds which he set upon men. — 
ὀξυστόμους. axpayeis, were added to explain the metaphor in 
κύνας. ‘The griffins were dogs only in figure, as they had the 
beaks of birds, and did not bark. 
ZEschylus says equally πόρον Ἰσμηνὸν (Sept. ad Theb. 360), 
and πόρον Σκαμάνδρου (Choéph. 361). Comp. πόρον “Advos πο- 
ταμοῖο, Persee 848. The river derived its name from πλοῦτος, 
as abounding in gold-sand ; and so Hades received the name of 
Pluto from his being lord of underground treasures. Those 
who lay the scene of these verses in the extreme west, under- 
stand this of Tartessus or Betis in the Spanish. gold region. 
807. It may be asked, how the poet could go at one leap 
from Northeastern Asia to /Ethiopia, as though they were 


νᾶμα Πλούτωνος πόρου. 


Sa Ay a pl Higa rea 


contiguous. The reply is, that the ancients in early times — 


placed Ethiopia in the remote east, as well asin the west. Ἷ 


In Odys. i. 23, we have 


Αἰθίοπας, rot διχθὰ δεδαίαται, ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν, 


«ς ‘4 4 « , « 2: Δ , 
of μὲν δυσομένου Ὑπερίονος, οἱ δ᾽ ἀνιόντος. 


And Herodotus (7. 70) speaks of the Eastern Ethiopians 


as an historical tribe. And then, as all between was an un- 
known land to the poet, he neither conceived of the great 
distance between the two regions, nor knew how to fill it up_ 
with details. It is not unlikely that he conceived of the 
Nile as running westward from that remote region ; for 
Strabo informs us that Alexander, having found crocodiles 


Ἵ 


} 


NOTES. 89 


in the Hydaspes of India and Egyptian beans in the Acesines, 
thought that he had discovered ras τοῦ Νείλου. πηγάς, and for 
a time meditated sending a fleet down the stream into A.gypt 
(xv. 696). : 

808. πρὸς ἡλίου ---- πηγαῖς, i. e. where the sun rises. Soph: 
im a frag. speaks of νυκτὸς πηγάς, meaning the west. But 
the two examples are not entirely parallel. Voss understands 
this of the well-known fountain at the temple of Jupiter 
Ammon, which is called by Herodot. 4. 181, and by Diodor. 
xvii. 50, ἡλίου κρήνη. 

811. Above the cataracts of the Nile, the Romans still 
called it Niger (= Αἰθίοψ) from the blackness of the waters 
of the blue river, or central branch. | 

814. μακρὰν ἀποικίαν, remote colony, i. 6. distant from 
Greece ; sc. Canopus. Comp. 846. ~ 

817. ἐπαναδίπλαζε, fold over again, redouble, hence, re- 
peat the question. . 

822. που, I think. 

827, 828. The sense is, I will however omit the greatest 
part of what I could say (λόγων), and (after proving my 
knowledge of the future from my supernatural knowledge 
of the past) will proceed to the very close of your wander- 
ings. . 

829. ἐπεί. The apodosis begins with ἐντεῦθεν, v. 836. 

830. αἰπύνωτον, seated on a high ridge. 

831. θῶκος, Ionic for θᾶκος, which last appears in most 
MSS. in v. 280; but Well. reads θῶκον there also. 

832. Render, and (where are) the talking oaks, a wonder 
incredible. Comp. Odys. xiv. 827; Soph. Trachin. 171; 
Herod. 2. 57. These oaks are called by Soph. and Herod. 
gnyoi, which were oaks bearing the best acorns, = fagus in 
Latin. 

835. εἰ τῶνδε προσσαίνει σέ τι, if aught of these things 
pleases you. Spoken sarcastically, = for perhaps you like 
the high honor of being called Jupiter’s wife. ‘The reading 

8:5 


ΕΣ PROMETHEUS. 


of the MSS. is ἔσεσθαι τῶνδε, but the elision ἔσεσθ᾽, inadmis- 
sible though it may be, is necessary to the sense, for Wel- 
lauer’s ri; will be approved by few. Dindorf, with reason, 
attributes this flat verse to an interpolator. 

837. It is plain that what is here called the Gulf of Rhea 
is either the same with the Ionian Sea, or was the whole of 
that of which the Ionian was a part, viz. the sea between 
Greece and Italy. A probable derivation of the name 
Ionian is from the commercial visits of the Ionians to that 
quarter. —If the first « in Ἰόνιος is long, as elsewhere, the 
word is made trisyllabic by synizesis. Comp. 680. 

840. Part of the MSS. have κληθήσεται, nomen accipiet, in- 
stead of κεκλήσεται, nomen geret, as in the text. Griffiths. 

843. πεφασμένου is from φημί. 


846. ἐσχάτη χθονός, on the borders of the land, i. e. near | 


the coast. So Eustathius cited by Stanley. 

847. προσχώματι, the deposit or made land at the mouth 
of the Nile. The Schol. and Schiitz understand it of the 
embankments collectively, on which the cities of the Delta 
stood, in order to be out of reach of the overflow. : 
᾿ 849. ἐπαφῶν. Elmsley says on this verse, — “ Displicet in 
hoe senario subita temporum mutatio, cum vel ἐπαφήσας vel 
θιγγάνων dicendum esset. Simile vitiuni:infra 638, sustulit 
Blomf.. Sed magnam licentiam «in hac’ re sibi- permittunt 
Tragici. Tale est κλύειν, ἀκοῦσαι, in Choéphorum prologo.” 
In v. 637 (638) ἀποδύρεσθαι is ‘still retained by Well. In 
the present line perhaps ἐπαφῶν, the present participle, is 
properly used on account of the continued act involved in 
the idea of handling or stroking, while θιγών, in the aorist, is 
used of the momentary one of touching,. In the: instance 
from Choéph, 5, cited by Elmsley, κλύειν may be a true 
aorist infinitive, since, as Buttmann remarks (largest Gram- 
mar 2. 170), ἔκλυον the imperfect is constantly so used. 
ἔτικτον and τίκτουσα, which seem at first sight to be used in 
an aorist sense, and were..so explained in this note in the 


NOTES. 91 


first edition, are better accounted for by giving to τίκτω, when 
seemingly so used, the sense of to be a parent. ἀταρβεῖ, 
'ς placida@.a qua nihil amplius mali timendum est,” in which 
there is nothing fearful. Schiitz. In this signification the 
compound follows ταρβέω in its rare sense of frightening. 


850. γεννημάτων = γέννησις, sc. διὰ τοῦ ἐπαφῆσαι καὶ θιγεῖν. 
It depends on ἐπώνυμον. An elegant conjecture of Wieseler 
(Adversaria in βοῦν]. Prom., etc., 1848) is γέννημ ἁφῶν, 
i. e. an offspring named Epaphus after the handlings of 
Zeus. In vv. 851 and 869 we have τέξεις from τέξω,. a 
rare form for τέξομαι. 

853. πεντηκοντάπαις, consisting of fifty children. The 
fifty daughters of Danaus are meant. 

854. ἐλεύσεται. This future is rare in Attic writers, who 
employ εἶμι instead of it. 

855. θηλύσπορος = θήλεια, literally, of the female sex by 
birth. συγγενῆ γάμον ἀνεψιῶν, marriage within the kin- 
dred with cousins. See Antig. 793. 

856. ἐπτοημένοι. πτοέω may be spoken of any agitating 
passion. Callim., H. in Dian. 191, cited by Blomf., says, 
πτοηθεὶς ix’ ἔρωτι, which is the passion meant here. Plato 
says (Repub, 439 D), ἡ ψυχὴ ἐρᾷ re,—xal περὶ ras ἄλλας 
ἐπιθυμίας ἐπτόηται. 

859. φθόνον σωμάτων ἕξει θεός = ὁ θεὸς φθονήσει (sc. 
τοῖς ἀνεψιοῖς, the sons of AXgyptus) σωμάτων αὐτῶν, i. 6. 
shall be unwilling to give their persons into their cousins’ 
hands. 

860, 861. Πελασγία, sc. yj. Argos is so called by Esch. 
throughout his play of the Suppliants, which relates to the 
Danaides here spoken of, and by the other tragic poets. 
See Spanheim on Callim., H. in Lav. Pal. 4. The Pelasgi 
occupied the north and east of Peloponnesus, before the 
Acheeans, the people of epic poetry, came in from the north. 
δέξεται, 55. αὐτάς, the Danaides implied in σωμάτων. 
— δαμέντων, x. τ. X., they, i. 6. the sons of AXgyptus, hav- 


92 PROMETHEUS. 


ing been slain in female war through daring that kept 
waich by night. ‘The daughters of Danaus agreed to kill 
their husbands by night, and all but one, Hypermnestra, did 
80. θηλυκτόνῳ “Ape, more literally, Marte muliebri manu 
interficiente. Elmsley supposes this passage to be corrupt. 


863. δίθηκτον = δίστομον, ἄμφηκες. σφαγαῖσι, throats, 
properly the part of the body where the victim is struck by 
the slaughter-knife. The Etym. Mag. defines σφαγὰς by 
κατακλεῖδας, the hollow just above where the collar-bones are 
inserted in the breast-bone. 

868. κλύειν, audire, vocari. Comp. Alcest. 961. 

871. See νυ. 774.— γε μήν, at least however, i. 6. know 
however thus much at least, that. 

877. ofdkedos, shooting pain, spasm, or twinge. In v. 
1046 this word denotes a d/ast or furious and irregular motion 
of wind. Comp. Eurip. Hippolyt. 1853, κατὰ δ᾽ ἐγκέφαλον 
πηδᾷ σφάκελος. ὑπὸ θάλπουσι, burn me within = subeunt et 
ardent. ‘The meaning within, here given to ὑπό, arises from 
its primitive meaning under, since that which has come 
under the roof of a house, or under the surface of the body, 
is within it. So ὑποδέχομαι means I receive under my roof, 
within my house. Comp. ἔθαλψεν ἄτης σπασμός, Soph. Tra- 
chin. 1082. 

880. Hesychius defines ἄρδις by dxis, point, sting, and 
cites this passage. Herodot. 4. 81, uses it with ὀϊστοῦ, of 
an arrow-head. ἄπυρος, Schol. πολύπυρος, Blomf. arden- 
tissimus, as though a were intensive ; but this is improba- 
ble, as not more than five or six fair examples of this use 
of a can be produced. See Buttmann’s Largest Gram. 2. 
358. Well. defines it igni similis; but the epithet would 
be too tame, if this were its meaning. Schiitz translates it 
sine igne factus, as though there were an allusion to the 
physical meaning of ἄρδις:. ἄπυρος ἄρδις then would be a 
weapon’s point not made dy fire, which no smith has fash- 
toned. ‘This is poetical, and in the style of A&schylus, who 


NOTES. 95 


occasionally explains by an epithet his own metaphors. 
Something so χρυσὸς ἄπυρος means gold that has not passed 
through the fire. 

881. φρένα takes its physical meaning, the diaphragm, 
precordia. 

883. The figure in this and the next line denotes [o’s 
inability to follow a straight course in her words, and is ex- 
plained by the closing phrase, γλώσσης ἀκρατής. 

885. “ Significat,” says Schiitz, “" querelas nihil adversus 
calamitatem proficere.. Fluctibus obloqui pro loquendo nihil 
proficere nota est metaphora. Confer v. 1001.” 1 doubt 
if the figure means any thing more than the preceding one, 
viz. that she talks confusedly through the influence of her 
pain. The successive stings of her frenzy are compared 
to waves tossing upon her, against which her words beat 
confusedly, i. e. which force them from her in wild disorder. 
So the Scholiasts explain it. εἰκῆ is not frustra here, but 
temere, at random. 

887. The subject of the ode is the danger of being raised 
above one’s condition, and is suggested by the relation be- 
tween Jupiter and Io. Its spirit is the dread of superior 
power, and thus it ran in strong contrast with the feelings 
of Prometheus, and gave occasion to his speech, v. 908, 
seq. : 

890. κηδεῦσαι καθ᾽ ἑαυτόν, to form a marriage connection 
in one’s own rank. The wise man who conceived and 
broached this maxim was Pittacus, whom a young man came 
to consult whether he should marry a female of his own 
quality, but poor, or one above him, who was rich. Pitta- 
cus pointed to some boys that were whipping their tops, 
and said they would teach him. The young man drew 
nigh, and, hearing them say to their tops, τὴν κατὰ σαυτὸν " 
ἔλα (sc. ὁδόν), took an omen from the words and married 
his equal. This is made the subject of a neat epigram by 
Callimachus, preserved in Diog. Laert. i. § 80, Vit. Pittaci. 


94 PROMETHEUS. 


891. διαθρυπτομένων, who take airs upon themselves, act 
haughtily. 

897. dorepydvopa = στυγάνορας V. 724. 

899. μέγα was first put for pe γάμῳ here, which suited 
neither sense nor measure, by Schiitz, whom Blomf. and 
others have followed. 

900. δυσπλάνοις, comp. Antig. 1266, note, = δυστυχέσι 
here. Ἥρας, caused by Juno. For this relation of the 
genitive to nouns, see Mt. § 375. πόνων. ‘This word is 
wanting in one MS. It is ejected from the text with γάμων 
in the strophe, which all the MSS. have, by Schiitz, Por- 
son, and Blomf. Hermann (De Epitritis Doriis, Opuscula, 
3. 97) says, “ Verissima et certissima est librorum scrip- 
tura, γάμων in fine addentium, cujusmodi vox addenda esset, 
etiam si nullus eam liber preberet.” And his reason 
for so saying is, that the cataléxis which takes place, when 
these words are omitted, is not a suitable or pleasant one. 
πόνων has the force of an adjective, e. g. of μοχθηροῖς. 

901. The text of this and the next two lines is some- 
what uncertain; and ἄφοβος in particular is suspicious, 
on account of the tautology. The order is ἐμοὶ δ᾽ ὅτι μὲν ὁ 
γάμος (ἐστιν) ὁμαλός, (i. 6. because I am married to one on 
a level with myself,) dpoBds εἰμι, od δέδια. ὅτι μὲν forms a 
contrast to μὴ δέ, which two words should be written apart. 
The sense is, But may no God, &c. That event only could 
cause alarm. ἄφυκτον ὄμμα, with look or eye not to be 
avoided. ὄμμα is an accusative joined to an active verb 
of its own signification. Comp. Mt. § 421, Obs. 3; K. 
§ 278. 2. : 

904, 905. The sense is, This war is no war (i. e. is an 
ineffectual one), fruitful in difficulties: nor know I what 
would become of me. Comp. Alcest. 51, 120, 153. The 
war meant is resisting the love of a God. πόριμος governs 
an accusative by its active force. See Antig. 787.—A noun 
often, as here, has joined with it a privative adjective from the 


NOTES. 95 


same or a kindred root, which serves to deny the existence 
of the noun in its proper sense ; as ἄγαμος γάμος; a marriage 
that is no marriage, an unhappy one; ἀμήτωρ μήτηρ, a 
mother who is not such, Electr. 1154. Of another kind 
are such expressions as δύσπονοι πόνοι, Antig. 12763; dic 
πλανοι ἀλατεῖαι, 900 supra; τηλέπλανοι and πολύπλανοι πλάναι, 
576, 585; where the meaning of the compound is deter- 
mined chiefly by the first part of it. 

908. οἷον may be resolved into ὅτε τοιοῦτον. Mt. § 480, 
Obs. 3. The marriage here meant is with Thetis. 
According to Pindar, Isthm. 8. 58 seg., when Jove and 
Neptune were rival suitors of Thetis, Themis (and not 
Prometheus) foretold, ‘* that it was fated that the sea-goddess 
should bear a son superior to his father, and who, if she - 
were married to Jupiter or Neptune, κεραυνοῦ τε κρέσσον ἄλλο 
βέλος διώξει χειρὶ τριόδοντός τ᾽ ἀμαιμακέτου." These last 
words resemble vv. 922-925, but are without the verbosity 
of those lines. This prophecy is conditional. Comp. v. 913. 

910. dicrov ἐκβαλεῖ = ἐκβαλεῖ ὥστε ἄϊστον civa.. 

918, 919. The sense is, These things will be of no assist- 
ance to him in regard to falling, i. 6. will not hinder him ἢ 
from falling. ἐπαρκέω adopts the construction of κωλύω as 
implying prevention. 
1046, and the Grammars. 

924. γῆς τινάκτειραν νόσον, the evil or plague that causes 
the earth to quake. Earthquakes were ascribed to Nep- 
tune, because they are attended with the swelling and 
breaking of the sea upon the coast. Hence his name 


For πεσεῖν πτώματα, comp. Antig. 


ἐνοσίχθων. 

925. αἰχμήν, scepire. Comp. ν. 405. 

928. @nv = δῆ. This Homeric particle is hardly known 
to the tragic poets. ἐπιγλωσσᾷ Διός, you went against or 
concerning Jove. 

934. The true reading here is probably τοῦδ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἀλγίω, as 
Elmsley conjectured. 


96 ~ PROMETHEUS. 


936. Adrasteia was a name of Nemesis, who punished 
undue pride. The verse is an exhortation to lay aside ex- 
cessive stubbornness. 

937. τὸν κρατοῦντ᾽ ἀεί. ἀεὶ at any time. Comp. Al- 
cest. 700; Xen. Anab. V. 4. 15, VII. 5. 15. 

938. The construction is ἐμοὶ μέλει Ζηνὸς ἔλασσον ἢ μηδέν, 
I care less than nothing about Jupiter. 

943. πάντως (certainly) is taken with ἐλήλυθε. 

946. πορόντα denotes the way in which the act of ἐξαμαρ- 
révra takes effect. Who sinned — by procuring. 

950. αὔθ᾽ ἕκαστα, every thing as it is in itself. This 
phrase may denote things exactly as they are without con- 
cealment or ambiguity, or things in all their particulars, as 
opposed toa summary. ‘The first sense obtains here. 
μηδέ μοὶ διπλᾶς ὁδοὺς ---- προσβάλῃς, i. 6. nor (through your 
ambiguity in telling what is required) put upon me the neces- 
sity of taking two journeys (from heaven), i. e. of coming 
again to ask an explanation. ; 

952. τοῖς τοιούτοις; i. 6. the crafty and disobedient, which 

qualities are implied in what Mercury forbids. 

954. ὡς θεῶν ὑπηρέτου, qualis deorum ministrum decet, 
Schitz; considering that it comes from a servant, Blomf. 
But if this last were the meaning, the word θεῶν, which 
takes off the edge of the sarcasm in some degree, would 
not be added. Comp. v. 983. : 

Y57. δισσοὺς τυράννου. Ophion and Saturn, according 
to the Schol. For Ophion and Eurynome ᾿ 

“had first the rule 

Of high Olympus, thence by Saturn driven 

And Ops, ere yet Dictezxan Jove was born.” 
So Milton after Apol. Rhod. I. 503. It is more probable, 
however, that A¢schylus had in his mind Uranus or personi- 
fied heaven, from whom and Gea sprang Cronus or Saturn 
according to the Hesiodic mythology. The Ophion of an 
obscurer mythology may have denoted the same thing, the 


NOTES. — oo 


name being derived from the heavens surrounding the earth 
as a coiled snake. ‘ ; 

961. The sense is, Nay, I fall much and altogether short 
of it. 

966. The spirit of this reply is much like that of Satan 
to Gabriel. Par. Lost, iv. 970. 

969. πατρὶ Ζηνὶ ἄγγελον, a messenger (not of my father, 
but) of him whom you call father. Comp. v. 947. It is 
said in scorn. But perhaps Prometheus uses the word πατήρ, 
us Kratos does vv. 4, 40, 53, as a perpetual title of Zeus. 

976. εὖ παθόντες, treated well (by me). So Alcest. 810. 

977. κλύω, I perceive from what I hear. μεμηνότα 
νόσον == μεμηνότα μανίαν. Comp. v. 919. 

980. ὦμοι. As Schitz observes, this one expression of 
pain, forced from Prometheus, has a fine effect in showing 
the severity of his: sufferings and the strength of his will. 
G. Schneider regards it less naturally as an expression of 
sorrow for the unthankfulness of the divinities. The 
sense of the line is, not that Jupiter has no pity, but rather 
that he knows no pain. In v. 981, ὁ γηράσκων xpdvos = 
time as it grows old, the progress of time. 

985. καὶ μὴν ---- γε = and surely ; but in v. 982 these par- 
ticles = and yet. Comp, Alcest. 713. The sense is, And 
surely, I might return him a favor, as I owe him one (said 
in scorn). χάριν is to be supplied also after ὀφείλων. 

986. This verse refers to the bitter irony of the preced- 
‘ng, which implied that Mercury was a child in supposing 
‘hat Prometheus would do as he wished. παῖδα a Schol. 
explains by δοῦλον. But ἀνούστερος requires the other mean- 
ing, and παῖς in the sense of servant, being a word of famil- 
iar life, is not-used by the tragic poets, except in calling 
out to porters, and on similar occasions. See Hermann on 
Antig. v. 1275 of his ed. 

988. mevoodpa seems to have coexisted with πεύσομαι, as 
φευξοῦμαι did with φεύξομαι. 

9 


98 PROMETHEUS. 


999, 1000. τόλμησόν ποτε, do but once summon the reso-« 
lution, or prevail over yourself. 


πρός, in view of. 

1001. κῦμα is in the nominative. The sense is, You 
trouble me in vain by your admonitions, as a wave (would 
by its sound). So Morell and Butler. Schiitz, Elmsley, and 
Blomf. make it an accusative. A parallel passage is then 
Eurip. Androm. 5387: τί pe προσπιτνεῖς ἁλίαν πέτραν | ἢ 
κῦμα λιταῖς ὡς ἱκετεύων. 

1005. ὑπτιάσμασιν χερῶν, supplications with the hanas 
(made by lifting up the hands with the back of them turned 
outwards). 

1006. τοῦ παντὸς δέω. I want the whole of it, I am with- 
out it altogether. Comp. v. 961. 

1007. The sense is, It seems that, much as I may say, 1 
shall even speak in vain. } 

1011. σφοδρύνει. Schol. κομπάζῃ καὶ émaipn; rather, you 
act violently or haughtily. Blomf. has not found the word 
in any other classicai author. 

1013. μεῖζον is the MS. reading, which Well. retains, and 
interprets the clause thus: pervicacia ipsa per se nihil, vel 
potius neminem, superat. With most editors I have adopted 
Stanley’s emendation μεῖον. μεῖον οὐδενὸς σθένει = has 
less than no power, is utterly powerless. 

1016. ἔπεισι, is coming, will come upon. 
ὀκριοέσσαν of vy. 282. 

1022. κύων. See the note on v. 803. 
im the next line, comp. Alcest. 494. 


ὀκρίδα = 


For διαρταμησει 


1023. σώματος μέγα ῥάκος, lit. the great tatters of thy 
body =, as Griffiths has it, thy great mangled body. 

1024. πανήμερος. This word and πανημέριος seldom, it 
ever, have any meaning except all day long; and so a 
Schol., Blomf., and G. Schneider understand it. I think it 
better, however, with Schiitz and Well., to interpret it daily, 
because all aay long in itself means no more than through- 
aut one day, and there is nothing in the context to extend 


NOTES. 99 


the meaning. In a passage from the Prometheus Loosed, 
translated by Cicero, Tusc. Quest. 2. 10, the poet speaks 
of the eagle as coming every third day, but it is not impos- 
sible for a poet to be inconsistent with himself. In καθημέ- 
pwos quotidianus and hodiernus, there is an ambiguity of a 
somewhat similar kind. 

1025. κελαινόβρωτον. black to eat, i. 6. black. Comp. Al- 
cest. 428. Blomf. translates nigrum jecur victum prebens. 

1027. The fable was, that Chiron, the Centaur, thus took 
his place, and bore the penalty as his substitute. See Apol- 
lodor. ii. 5, § 4, and Heyne’s note. 

1031. λίαν εἰρημένος, vehementer, i. 6. serio dictus ; Blomf. 
καὶ augments the force of λίαν. So Eurip. Medea 526, 
ἐπειδὴ καὶ λίαν mupyois χάριν; Odys. i. 46,. καὶ λίαν κεῖνός ye 
ἐοικότι κεῖται ὀλέθρῳ: See Elmsley’s Medea 513 (526), 
where the present passage is cited. , 

1033. τελεῖ, sc. Ζεύς, contained in Δῖον. 

_ 1037, 1038. The article with αὐθαδίαν, εὐβουλίαν, seems 
to denote a reference to the same words in vv. 1034, 1035. 

1040. τοὶ = be sure. : 

1044. ἀμφήκης βόστρυχος πυρός, the double-pointed curl, or 
twist, of flame. The thunderbolt grasped in the middle by 
Jupiter was conceived to take at both ends the sinuous form 
of flame, which the Greeks compared to a lock of hair, to 
the beard, and the like. 

1047. αὐταῖς pitas. See v. 221. 

1049. ξυγχώσειεν. The reading of most authorities is 
ξυγχώσει᾽ ἐμέ. In this case we must make κῦμα a nomina- 
tive, and join διόδους with Τάρταρον, the preposition being 
first used with the second noun. But on the one hand, the 
idea of mingling sea and sky is so natural, (see it repeated 
vy. 1088,) and on the other, to speak of the body of Prome- 
theus being thrown to the stars is so frigid, that ξυγχώσειεν 
— admitted into the text by Blomf., Well., and Schiitz — 
is to be preferred. πνεῦμα is its subject and that of ῥίψειε 
but with θανατώσει perhaps Ζεὺς is to be understood. 


100 PROMETHEUS. 


1051. ἄρδην, raptim, Well., penitus, Blomf. The word 
means, 1. borne aloft, as in Alcest. 608; 2. borne away, 
simply away, as here ; 3. as the effect of being borne away, 
utterly gone, hence entirely, outright, a very common sig- 
nification. 

1054. For the construction, see Alcest. 760. 

1056. μὴ παραπαίειν, i. €. ὥστε μὴ παραπαίειν, is another 
construction for rod παραπαίειν, or, which is the same, rod μὴ 
παραπαίειν. Comp. Alcest. 11. 

1057. The MSS. vary exceedingly in the first part of this 
verse, and no various reading gives a good sense. Among 
the conjectures of learned men, I have allowed that of Din- 
dorf, ἡ τοῦδε τύχη, to stand in the text, as the aptest and the 
. least receding from the Medicean,— the best of the MSS., 
— which has εἰ τοῦδ᾽ εὐτυχῆ. The sense is, In what does 
his condition fall short of frenzy? What abatement has 
he in his madness? Porson conjectured εἰ μηδ᾽ ἀτυχῶν, 
Wellauer εἰ τῇδε τύχῃ, if in this posture of his affairs, Sché- 
mann, εἰ τάδ᾽ ἐπαυχεῖ, if so he boasts. 

1060. που, somewhere. This is used for mo, as adverbs 
of rest often are, with verbs of motion, for adverbs of mo- 
tion; because the final result of the action, viz. rest, is 
principally thought of. Thus μετά που χωρεῖτε = go to some 
place where you may be in a retreat. Adverbs of motion, 
on the contrary, are put where we should expect adverbs of 
rest; 6. g. Choéph. 521, ποῖ τελευτᾷ λόγος, in what direction 
does what was said end ? i. 6. what course will it take to be 
fulfilled? where motion is implied. But this is not al- 
ways 50. 

1064. 6 τι καὶ πείσεις, such as you will not only say, but 
also induce me to do. 

1065. wapactpew. preter necessitatem in medium pro- 
ferre ; Well. to drag along or forward, hence to introduce 
into discourse without occasion, or unsuitably. 

1079. εἰς after ἐμπλεχθήσεσθε adds the idea of motion to 


NOTES. 101 


the verb. The sense is, Ye will be brought into, and en- 
tangled in. Comp. Alcest. 841. 

1080 -- 1088. The trochaic verses of Pacuvius in Cicers 
de Orat. 3. 39, to which Blomf. calls attention, are worthy of 


being quoted here. 

ὁ Τὰ Inhorrescit mare; _ 
Tenebr conduplicanmr, noctisque et nimbum occeecat nigror ; 
Elamma inter nubes coruscat, ccelum tonitru contremit : 
Grando mista imbri largifluo subita preecipitans cadit : 
Undique omnes venti erumpunt, svi existunt turbines: 
Fervet xstu pelagus. 


1089. ῥιπή, the hurling of the thunderbolt, or rather the 
hurled thunderbolt itself. With this word ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ is to be 
joined, and means against me, or at me, as in v. 1043. ῥιπὴ 
ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ διόθεν = βέλος em ἐμοὶ ὑπὸ Διὸς ῥιφθέν. 

1092. αἰθὴρ --- ελίσσων. This is to be understood of the 
ether or upper sky, which, being the orbit in which the sun’s 
revolutions are performed, is said to roll the sun around, as 
we say of a road that it conducts or carries a traveller to a 
certain place. Schémann, however, understands φάος of the 
light of day, born according to the Hesiodic Theogony with 
ether out of night. But how did ether roll the daylight 
around ? 


2. 


METRES. 


94— 100. Anapestic dimeters. 


or this verse can be called two dochmii hyper- 
catalectic. See Munk’s metres, p. 127, and 
Hermann’s Elementa, ed. Glasg., p. 187. 
116. Jambic trimeter. 
117. Dochmius and Peon quartus (creticus), 
Pas tds 
See Herm., p. 170. 
118, 119. Iambic trimeters. 
120 — 127; 1386 — 143; 152 — 159; J67— 178; 186 
— 192; anapestic dimeters. 


128— 1385 = 144— 155. 
Verse 1. Choriambic tetrameter. (Iambic dipodies in 
the first and third places.) 
2. Choriambic tetrameter catalectic. (Iambic di- 
pody in the first place.) The usual iambic 
CME Sy ὦν 
3. Choriambic dimeter. (= first half of verse 2. ) 
Logacedic dactylic. (2 dactyls, 2 trochecs.) 
5. = verse 3, 


2 


> 


METRES. 108. 


6. Choriambic pentameter catalectic. (= verse 1, 
with an iambic catalexis added.) * 
7. Logacedic dactvlic with an anacrusis. (= 
verse 4, preceded by a short syllable.) 
See Freese’s Metrik, p. 305. 
The, general flow-of these verses can also be made Ionic 
a minore, chiefly of the Anacreontic or broken sort. So 
Herm. (Elem., p. 314) and Dindorf (notes to Eschyl., 
y. 128), after a Scholiast. 


159 — 166 = 178 — 185. 
Verses 1—3,5. Iambic dimeters. (The third foot of v. 2, 
and first of v. 5, are resolved.) 
4. Iambic trimeter. (The second, third, and fourth 
feet are resolved.) 


6. Dactylic penthemim. ᾿ς... .....- 
7 Trochaic penthemim. and dactyl. pentameter. 
Sls Src Neaac: Ne Nae Ὁ ΨΩ ἘΦ Mammen wo — xo Ὁ 
8. Logacedic dactyl. (Two dactyls, two trochees.) 
Or to v. 7 a dactylic trimeter may be given, and to v. 8 
tuur dactyls, two trochees. So Boeckh de Metris Pind. 138. 
Initial a is long in ἀπαράμυθος, as in ἀθάνατος, when the me- 
tre requires, 


277 — 297. Anapestic dimeters. 


397 — 405 — 406 — 414. 2 
Verse 1. Ionic a minore dimeter (Anacreontic) preceded 
by an iambic penthemim. 


2. Two Ionic a minore dimeters, with one pure 
“ .monometer interposed. (The text in the anti 
_ strophe is defective. The first dimeter was 

probably pure, so that δ᾽ in the strophe injvres 


104 PROMETHEUS. 


_ the metre. The second dimeter was an Anac- 
reontic verse.) 
3, 4. Consist each of two Anacreontics. — 
5. Ionic a minore dimeter. [lL 4+ + 0__ 
(For this form see Munk’s Metres, p. 150.) For the 
system see Herm. u. s., p. 314. These lines can be 


subjected to choriambic measurement. See Freese, p. 
302. 


415 — 419 = 420 — 424. 
Verse 1—3. Trochaic dimeters. 
4. Glyconean and logaced. dactyl. (One dactyl, two 
πον) Ft ὉΠ 4171 


49 --- 435. Epode of the foregoing. 
Verse 1. Antispast and iambic tripody. 


2. Dactylic trimeter catalectic in dissyllabum with 
anacrusis, followed by a trochaic dipody. 
͵ 


3. Dactylic trimeter catalectic in dissyllabum. 


4. Jambic trimeter catalectic. 

5. Dactylic trimeter catalectic in dissyllabum, fol- 
lowed by an ithyphallicus. 

tee eS ae Peuk Sins 

6. Iambic dimeter. 

ἡ. Trochaic dimeter catalectic. «20 Cn U 

8. Iambic trimeter catalectic. (?) 


9, Dactylic tetrameter catalectic in dissyllabum, 
with a closing ithyphallicus, (?) 


or dactylic tetrameter catalectic in syllabam, fol- 
lowed by an iambic dimeter catalectic. 


METRES... 105 


526 — 535 = 536 — 544. 
Verse 1. Dactylic penthemim. . 
2. Trochaic dipody and dactylic trimeter catalec- 
tic in dissyllabum. 
͵ 


--- - --- — ew Rew ee ee 


3. =v. 2 with v. 1 appended. 


δι γ. 1. 
6. Trochaic dimeter diabetic. 
7. Iambic dimeter catalectic. 
If the text is entire, ἰδίᾳ in v. 543 must have its first ε 
.ong, owing to the force of the arsis; and the same is true 
of ἰσόνειρον, v. 549, Several edd. read ἐν ἰδίᾳ metri causd. 


545 — 552 = 553 — 560. 
Verse 1. Logacedic anapest. (Four anapests, iambic 
tripody catalectic.) 
. 2. Logacedic anapest. (Two aniidlie, iambic di- 
meter catalectic.) 4 
3.. Logacedic anapzst. (Two anapests, iambic di- 
pedy catalectic.) φρο ΟΣ 
4. 'Trochaic dimeter. 
5. Logacedic anapest. (Four anapests, one iam- 
bus.) 
6. Dactylic tetrameter catalectic, with a closing 
_ trochaic dimeter. 
U 


561 — 565. Anapezestic dimeters. 
566. Dochmius. _1 “>. 4. (Last syllable short m 


exclamation. ) 
567 — 569. Iambic trimeters catalectic. (Omitting ¢o 
Botpa in v. 569.) : 


ie PROMETHEUS, 


. 570. Dochmiac dimeter.  _ Oe ks is 
571 = 567. 


572. Dochmius hypercatalectic. τς 4124 _ 
572, B. Dochmius and iambic dipody. 


! 
1 


uae > rok le Be 


573. Iambus and dochmiac dimeter. ὁ | 


Sip oka Bee ee 
574 — 588 = 593— 608. These lines were first noticed 
to be a strophe and antistrophe by Hermann. 
Verse 1. Dochmiac dimeter. 
2. Creticus and v. 1. The last syllable of νόμον is 
produced, owing to the pause. 
8. Creticus, trochaic dipody (cretic dimeter hyper- 
cat.), dochmius. (See Seidler de Vers. Dochm., 


4, 5. (Unite these lines.) Three pzons quarti (i. 6. 
cretic trimeter) and a dochmius. 
Rig AE, A, Ne ΟΦ ΥΡΊΉΜΟΝΙ 
6. Cretic trimeter hypercatalectic. 
ben as £wicy arcs 
7. @ ἔ, two short syllables pronounced apart. 
Iambic tripody catalectic (iambic monometer 


hypercatalectic) and dochmius. See Herm. 
pp. 105; 98; es Poe 2, 6 
t 


8. Iambic dimeter catalectic. J > ULC 4 
This should be closely joined to the preceding 
line. (Seidler, p. 164.) 

9. Dochmiac dimeter. 

10. Creticus, dochmius. (With the last syllable 
short in the antistrophe in exclamation.) 

11. Trochaic tripody. (Ithyphallicus.) 


- 12, 
18. 
14. 
1ὅ. 
16. 


METRES. — 01 


Trochaic,tripody catalectic. 
Iambic dimeter. 

Iambic trimeter. 

== verse 11. 

Dochmius and cretic dimeter. 


687 — 695. Epode of the foregoing. (Herm., p. 502 ) 


Verse 1. 


2. 
3. 
4. 
ὅς, 


Two pons quarti (Herm., p. 171), i. 6. cretic 

dimeter. 

Creticus, dochmiac dimeter. 

Dochmius. 

Iambic trimeter catalectic. 

6. According to Seidler, p. 33, these lines con- 

sist of three dochmii with a dactyl prefixed. (?) 
U ͵ 


~~ — 
- i eens cin ae 


ω-ρ᾿ ᾿ -- --,, .--᾿ὦ«ἁἍ, 


+4 
PLETE ἈΠΕ τον ὃ υ ..ᾧὦὕᾧὦ», ... 


742. 14, 4. Antispast and iambus 


877 — 880. Anapests. 


887 — 893 = 894 — 900. 


Verse 1. 
2. 


σι 


Dactylic penthemim. +10 ος.. 
Trochaic dipody and two dactylic trimeters cata- 
lectic ih dissyllabum. 


! 


yee ee Poon SS ee τ —~ we ee 


. =the first two parts of νυ. 2, closed by a 


creticus, = v. 531. 


. Jambic penthemim and dactylic do. (Called 


iambelegus. ) 


. Trochaic dipody, and dactylic penthemim. 


108 : PROMETHEUS. 


Verses 4, 5, 6, are remarkable for the rhyme in 
both strophe and antistrophe. 
6. Trochaic trimeter catalectic. 


901-906. Epode of the foregoing. 
Verse 1. Iambic dimeter. t 


- 
we wewerewryer  Mwewrwe 


2. Dochmius, trochaic dimeter catalectic. 


Ὁ π σεν ΘΗΝ 
3. Iambic trimeter catalectic. Ὁ 
Sop es ns ἘΣ ΊΘΑΝΙ, teeta aie hs ay 
4, 5. lambic trimeter (to οὐδ᾽ inclusive), with all 
the syllables resolved except the last, followea 
by iambic dimeter catalectic. 


6. Trochaic dimeter catalectic. 1 i 


_— oe rh 


¥. Logaed. dactyl 1 LLL LULU 


Vv. 1, 2 united (itech diy hate Boeckh on the critica. 
treatment of Pindar, Berl. Trans. for 1822-23, p. 283; thus 
xhibits : 


U wits U 
͵ eke -- «εὐξο. - ! 


--- -».»..  - ὦ ὴν“ ὦ ὦ ων GS eee Le Ss 


Two trochaic clauses preceded by an iambus as basis. 


1036 — 1093. Anapzstic dimeters. 


* 
Ψ ὦ 


[PROMETHEUVS. ] 


REFERENCES 


TO 


-HADLEY’S GRAMMAR.™ 


Verse 14, § 767. —— 16, ozedeiv, § 411. —— 91, 8 88% ~ 


46. Comp. § 772. 62, § 802. —— 68, § 756, a. 

86, § 544, ο. 121, § 629, d. —— 145. Comp. 
§ 523, b. 156-7, § 7-1, b; 5. 742. —— 213,..§ 736. 

217. Comp. § 776, end: —— 221, § 604. —— 251, 
§ 556, ——— 268, © 775... 269, § 412, b. —— 284, 
§ 551. 285, § 509, b. —— 317, see v. 251. ——-330. 
Comp. § 801, a. 354, last 1, § 602. 388, § 677. 

389, § 544, ας. 402, § 552. —— 406, αὶ 547, ἃ 
-- 433, § 569. —— 464. Comp. § 587; a, § 595, ὦ 
—— 564, ποινάς, § 501. —— 584, ὃ 577, a. Comp. § 544, 
b. —— 594, § 826. —— 621, §%777"—— 626, see v. 
584. 627, § 817, b. —— 628, § 428, 8. 658, 
§ 641, a. 659, § 740, a. —— 660, § 826. 667. 
Comp. 88 734, 736. —— 683, § 698. —— 712, πελάζειν, 
§ 602, 1, ὃ 784. —— 714. Comp. ὃ 590 a. —— 749, § 742. 


754. Comp. $513. 
795, ἐκτημέναι, § 319, D, end. 808, § 551, § 514, ec. —— 
854, § 450, 2, a. —— 900, ὃ 569. —— 903, § 547. —— 
908. Comp. § 815. —— 918, § 847. —— 919, § 547, a. 
—— 921, 8 674. —— 966. Comp. § 578, b. —— 977, 
§ 547, b. —— 988. Comp. ὃ 377. —— 1006, § 575, a. 
—— 1079, § 618, ἃ. 


760. Comp. ὃ 795, 6. Φ 


‘* 


* 


THE 
PRACTICAL SPELLING-BOOK; 


WITH READING LESSONS. 
BY T. H. GALLAUDET AND HORACE HOOKER. 


> - 
- * _* Ὁ 4 & 


<p at + 04> > 0 + Ee —___ 


μὲ δ. ἡ 
᾿ς This book meets, on a new plan, one of the greatest difficulties in the 


ucation of children—their learning to spell accurately. It has the de- 

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increasing circulation. . 

‘Some of its leading features are the following :— 

1. By omitting technical 1 terms, , obsolete and unusual words, abounding 
in other spelling-books, thé authors have brought within the usual com- 
pass of such books, a copious stock of those words which the body of, the 
people are in the habit of using. 

2. It meets, by its peculiar plan of classification, the prominent diffi- 
culties in the orthography and’ pronunciation of our language. On this 
point it invites a particular examination. 

3. It carries the learner, step by step, through a ραν analysis of 
some of the principal” anomalies of our orthography, which will thus be 
more deeply impressed on his mind. 

4. It fixes in the memory the correct spelling of the more difficult 
words, by their methodical arrangement into classes. 

5. It possesses some peculiar advantages for keeping up the attention 
and interest of the learner, for testing his «ccuracy, by the various 
ways in which lessons thus arranged may be recited. 


6. The reading lessons, introduced in a very early part of the book, 


.combining interest with moral instruction, consist of words which the 


scholar has previously learned to spell. 

ἡ. The mdex at the close, original and peculiar, is of great use in refer- 
ring the teachers and the more advanced scholars to the prominent anom- 
alies and difficulties in the spelling of words, and to the elasses of words 
containing these anomalies and difficulties. Each scholar can thus be 
drilled in that class of words where he principally needs to be exercised. 


Sent by mail prepaid on receipt of the price. 


mn. 


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